Tang Zhengyu, Xiang Hongshu, Geng Yiran, Liao Xiting, Zhang Ming, Zhang Tianyang
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Psychology, School of Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Nurs Health Sci. 2023 Dec;25(4):654-664. doi: 10.1111/nhs.13059. Epub 2023 Oct 14.
Medical students are at high risk of psychological subhealth under heavy stress with increasing screen time. This study aimed to explore the association between screen time and depressive symptoms and determine empathy as a mediating factor. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 945 medical students were surveyed, and 924 medical students were ultimately included after standard exclusion criteria. They reported their daily screen time and completed the Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Student Version (JSE-S) and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). t tests and analysis of variance showed a significant difference in empathy and depressive symptoms by sex, stage, and screen time. The correlation analysis revealed that both affective and cognitive empathy have inverse associations with depressive symptoms. The mediation model confirmed that cognitive empathy played a positive mediating role between screen time and depressive symptoms, reducing the impact of screen time on depressive symptoms. Our study may add empirical evidence to prevent and intervene in depressive symptoms. These findings call for considering controlling screen time and enhancing cognitive empathy as interventions for medical students' depressive symptoms.
在压力巨大且屏幕使用时间不断增加的情况下，医学生处于心理亚健康的高风险状态。本研究旨在探讨屏幕使用时间与抑郁症状之间的关联，并确定共情作为一个中介因素。在这项横断面研究中，共对945名医学生进行了调查，经过标准排除标准后最终纳入924名医学生。他们报告了自己的每日屏幕使用时间，并完成了中文版的杰斐逊共情量表学生版（JSE-S）和自评抑郁量表（SDS）。t检验和方差分析显示，共情和抑郁症状在性别、阶段和屏幕使用时间方面存在显著差异。相关分析表明，情感共情和认知共情均与抑郁症状呈负相关。中介模型证实，认知共情在屏幕使用时间和抑郁症状之间起到了积极的中介作用，减轻了屏幕使用时间对抑郁症状的影响。我们的研究可能为预防和干预抑郁症状增添实证依据。这些发现呼吁将控制屏幕使用时间和增强认知共情作为医学生抑郁症状的干预措施。
