Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 528E Gautier Bldg. 1011 NW 15th Street Miami, Miami, FL, 11336, USA.
Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Fluids Barriers CNS. 2023 Oct 16;20(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12987-023-00476-7.
Compromised structure and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is one of the pathological hallmarks of brain infection by HIV-1. BBB damage during HIV-1 infection has been associated with modified expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, including occludin. Recent evidence indicated occludin as a redox-sensitive, multifunctional protein that can act as both an NADH oxidase and influence cellular metabolism through AMPK kinase. One of the newly identified functions of occludin is its involvement in regulating HIV-1 infection. Studies suggest that occludin expression levels and the rate of HIV-1 infection share a reverse, bidirectional relationship; however, the mechanisms of this relationship are unclear. In this review, we describe the pathways involved in the regulation of HIV-1 infection by occludin. We propose that occludin may serve as a potential therapeutic target to control HIV-1 infection and to improve the lives of people living with HIV-1.
血脑屏障（BBB）的结构和功能受损是 HIV-1 感染大脑的病理特征之一。HIV-1 感染期间 BBB 损伤与紧密连接（TJ）蛋白表达的改变有关，包括occludin。最近的证据表明，occludin 是一种氧化还原敏感的多功能蛋白，既能作为 NADH 氧化酶，又能通过 AMPK 激酶影响细胞代谢。occludin 的一个新功能是参与调节 HIV-1 感染。研究表明，occludin 的表达水平和 HIV-1 感染率呈反向双向关系；然而，这种关系的机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 occludin 调节 HIV-1 感染的途径。我们提出，occludin 可能是控制 HIV-1 感染和改善 HIV-1 感染者生活的潜在治疗靶点。
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