Silvas-Baltazar Monserrat, López-Oropeza Grecia, Durán Pilar, Martínez-Canabal Alonso
Licenciatura en Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2023 Sep 28;17:1278324. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1278324. eCollection 2023.
Olfaction is a critical sense that allows animals to navigate and understand their environment. In mammals, the critical brain structure to receive and process olfactory information is the olfactory bulb, a structure characterized by a laminated pattern with different types of neurons, some of which project to distant telencephalic structures, like the piriform cortex, the amygdala, and the hippocampal formation. Therefore, the olfactory bulb is the first structure of a complex cognitive network that relates olfaction to different types of memory, including episodic memories. The olfactory bulb continuously adds inhibitory newborn neurons throughout life; these cells locate both in the granule and glomerular layers and integrate into the olfactory circuits, inhibiting projection neurons. However, the roles of these cells modulating olfactory memories are unclear, particularly their role in fear memories. We consider that olfactory neurogenesis might modulate olfactory fear memories by a plastic process occurring in the olfactory bulb.
嗅觉是一种至关重要的感官，它使动物能够在其环境中导航并理解周围环境。在哺乳动物中，接收和处理嗅觉信息的关键脑结构是嗅球，这是一种具有分层模式的结构，包含不同类型的神经元，其中一些神经元投射到远处的端脑结构，如梨状皮质、杏仁核和海马结构。因此，嗅球是一个复杂认知网络的第一个结构，该网络将嗅觉与不同类型的记忆联系起来，包括情景记忆。嗅球在整个生命过程中持续产生抑制性新生神经元；这些细胞位于颗粒层和肾小球层，并整合到嗅觉回路中，抑制投射神经元。然而，这些细胞在调节嗅觉记忆中的作用尚不清楚，尤其是它们在恐惧记忆中的作用。我们认为嗅觉神经发生可能通过嗅球中发生的可塑性过程来调节嗅觉恐惧记忆。
