Department of Biochemistry, Kirkuk University College of Medicine, [KUCOM] Kirkuk, Iraq.
Department of Biochemistry, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2023;22(2):113-129. doi: 10.2174/0118715230269593230928095153.
Acquired immunity plays an important role in the prevention of viral infections. SARS-CoV-2 is an infection that leads to a pandemic. The development of specific anti-SARSCoV- 2 antibodies may play a vital role in disease prevention and control. Thus IgG antibody screening in the general population provides information on the immunological status of the community.
To clarify the SARS-CoV-2 immune status in the general population.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kirkuk province during the period from 15 May 2022 to 11 September 2022. The samples were collected from voluntary subjects and informed consent was taken from each participant before their enrolment in the study. SARS-CoV-2 IgG, SARSCoV- 2 IgM, 25-OH Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, and Folate were determined using the Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (eCLIA) technique with the instrument NIPIGON-Robot R1Automated ECL Analyzer (Canada).
The overall IgG mean concentration was 37.75 ± 23.18 COI, with a median of 39.99 COI and a range of 0.25 - 87.23 COI. Additionally, 93% of tested samples were with concentrations of more than 1 COI. The highest frequency (18.2%) was for the IgG concentration of 51 to 60 COI, while the lowest frequency (1.3%) was for the concentration of 81 - 90 COI. The IgG was significantly higher (P = 0.046) in males (39.87 ± 24.04 COI) than that in females (35.12 ± 21.89 COI). The IgM overall concentration was 0.569 ± 0.456 COI, with a median of 0.489 COI and a range of 0.17 - 6.40 COI. The mean serum level of folic acid concentration was 9.03 ± 5.72 ng/ml, with a median of 7.476 ng/ml and a range of 0.60 - 20.00 ng/ml. The mean serum concentration of vitamin B12 was 462.65 ± 349.18 pg/ml, with a median of 353 pg/ml and a range of 13.05 - 2000 pg/ml. The mean serum concentration of vitamin D was 18.29 ± 18.42 ng/ml with a median of 12.44 ng/ml and a range of 3 - 100 ng/ml. IgG and IgM serum levels did not show a significant correlation with serum levels of folic acid, vitamin D, and vitamin B12. However, there was a significant correlation between folic acid and vitamin D (r = 0.197; P = 0.012); vitamin B12 and vitamin D (r = 0.253, P = 0.001). While there was a non-significant correlation between folic acid and vitamin D serum levels (r = 0.129, P = 0.10).
General population IgG antibody concentration reflects a high rate of herd immunity. Folic acid was with a mean value of about half of the upper normal limit and only 17.7% were with low values. Vitamin B12, only 6.3% of the population had values lower than normal. However, the range of vitamin B12 was wide. While vitamin D values were lower than the normal limit at 82.6%. However, a large scale well designed was warranted to evaluate COVID-19 national immune response.
获得性免疫在预防病毒感染中起着重要作用。SARS-CoV-2 是一种导致大流行的感染。特定的抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的产生可能在疾病预防和控制中发挥重要作用。因此，在普通人群中进行 IgG 抗体筛查可以提供社区免疫状态的信息。
阐明普通人群中 SARS-CoV-2 的免疫状态。
在 2022 年 5 月 15 日至 2022 年 9 月 11 日期间，在基尔库克省进行了一项横断面研究。样本取自自愿参加的受试者，并在每位参与者入组前获得了他们的知情同意。使用电化学发光免疫分析（eCLIA）技术和仪器 NIPIGON-Robot R1 自动化 eCL 分析仪（加拿大）测定 SARS-CoV-2 IgG、SARS-CoV-2 IgM、25-OH 维生素 D、维生素 B12 和叶酸。
总的 IgG 平均浓度为 37.75 ± 23.18 COI，中位数为 39.99 COI，范围为 0.25-87.23 COI。此外，93%的测试样本浓度高于 1 COI。最高频率（18.2%）为 51-60 COI 的 IgG 浓度，而最低频率（1.3%）为 81-90 COI 的 IgG 浓度。男性 IgG（39.87 ± 24.04 COI）明显高于女性（35.12 ± 21.89 COI）（P = 0.046）。总的 IgM 浓度为 0.569 ± 0.456 COI，中位数为 0.489 COI，范围为 0.17-6.40 COI。叶酸的平均血清水平浓度为 9.03 ± 5.72ng/ml，中位数为 7.476ng/ml，范围为 0.60-20.00ng/ml。维生素 B12 的平均血清浓度为 462.65 ± 349.18pg/ml，中位数为 353pg/ml，范围为 13.05-2000pg/ml。维生素 D 的平均血清浓度为 18.29 ± 18.42ng/ml，中位数为 12.44ng/ml，范围为 3-100ng/ml。IgG 和 IgM 血清水平与叶酸、维生素 D 和维生素 B12 的血清水平无显著相关性。然而，叶酸和维生素 D 之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.197，P = 0.012）；维生素 B12 和维生素 D 之间也存在显著相关性（r = 0.253，P = 0.001）。然而，叶酸和维生素 D 的血清水平之间没有显著相关性（r = 0.129，P = 0.10）。
普通人群 IgG 抗体浓度反映了较高的群体免疫率。叶酸的平均值约为正常上限的一半，只有 17.7%的值较低。维生素 B12，只有 6.3%的人口值低于正常。然而，维生素 B12 的范围很广。虽然维生素 D 的数值低于正常下限的 82.6%。然而，需要进行大规模、精心设计的研究来评估 COVID-19 的全国免疫反应。
