Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Evangelical University of Goiás UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation (PPGMHR), Universidade Evangélica de Goiás, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2024;23(9):1057-1060. doi: 10.2174/0118715273250928231009054658.
Muscle skeletal striated cells secrete a wide range of proteins called myokines or "exerkines", which in turn perform autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine functions. For being able to act in the communication between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and mainly the brain, exerkines play a prominent role and potential influence on health promotion. Furthermore, we detected in the literature that one of these potential therapeutic substances derived from muscle contraction is a molecule derived from glycolytic metabolism that in the past was largely marginalized, the lactate. Currently, studies are dedicated to examining the target structures for exerkines that may contribute to the maintenance and restoration of mental health. Thus, lactate appears to be recognized as a critical mediator of exercise-related changes and their health benefits, particularly in their role in communication and coordination between organs. It is inferred that the BDNF expression mechanism can be induced by lactate, which in turn derives from the activation of SIRT pathways 1 and 2 and activates the PGC1-α cascade. The behavior of lactate concentration is intensity-dependent, directly related to the type of fast-twitch fibers (type IIb) and the recruitment of these fibers would potentiate the responses in the brain. In this sense, high-intensity exercise would establish itself as an important strategy to be considered. Despite this understanding, there is still much to be done. However, lactate appears to be a highly promising exerkine for future research initiatives and a potential biomarker to reduce illness and promote mental health.
骨骼肌横纹肌细胞分泌广泛的蛋白质，称为肌因子或“运动因子”，它们反过来又具有自分泌、旁分泌或内分泌功能。由于能够在骨骼肌、脂肪组织以及主要是大脑之间的交流中发挥作用，运动因子在促进健康方面发挥着突出的作用和潜在的影响。此外，我们在文献中发现，这些潜在的治疗物质之一来自肌肉收缩，是一种源自糖酵解代谢的分子，过去在很大程度上被边缘化了，即乳酸。目前，研究致力于研究运动因子的靶结构，这些靶结构可能有助于维持和恢复心理健康。因此，乳酸似乎被认为是运动相关变化及其健康益处的关键介质，特别是在其作为器官间通讯和协调的作用方面。据推断，BDNF 表达机制可以被乳酸诱导，而乳酸反过来又来自 SIRT 通路 1 和 2 的激活，并激活 PGC1-α 级联反应。乳酸浓度的行为是强度依赖性的，与快肌纤维（IIb 型）的类型直接相关，这些纤维的募集将增强大脑中的反应。从这个意义上说，高强度运动将成为一个值得考虑的重要策略。尽管有了这种认识，但仍有许多工作要做。然而，乳酸似乎是未来研究计划中一种极具前景的运动因子，也是减少疾病和促进心理健康的潜在生物标志物。
