Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 12 Bankowa Street, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 17;13(1):17621. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45023-4.
Organised bathing areas located within leisure facilities, in addition to the function typical of their purpose, allow in most cases the use of their own barbecue facilities. This type of cooking of food before consumption is very popular during leisure time at the waterfront. However, cooking food on a barbecue produces fumes emitted from both the fuel being burned and the food being grilled. In addition, the fat from the grilled food falls on the hearth, contributing to the release of further toxic compounds and, in many cases, together with other exhaust fumes, causing considerable smoke and the summer smog effect. Such cumulative gases emitted by irregularly dispersed barbecues repeatedly irritate the respiratory tract of beachgoers in the area of these devices, and the residue of unburned barbecue fuel contaminates the resting area. Small pieces of charcoal of various textures tend to sink into the sand when exposed to the elements and can pose a risk to young children playing on the beach by causing choking and minor injuries. The study revealed an assumed range of exposure to dust and gases emitted from barbecuing that extended up to 40 m from the hearth. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the thermal processing of food using barbecue fuels could lead to increased contamination of beach sands from the fuel itself and food storage materials. Therefore, taking into account the studies carried out showing the adverse effects of active barbecues on beach sands and, above all, the atmospheric air and directly on beachgoers, administrators of recreational facilities should strive to concentrate these devices at a distance (up to several tens of metres) from beaches and bathing areas.
位于休闲设施内的有组织浴场除了具有其典型功能外,通常还允许使用自己的烧烤设施。这种在海滨休闲时烹饪食物的方式非常流行。然而,在烧烤食物时,燃料燃烧和食物烤制都会产生烟雾。此外,烤肉的脂肪会落在火坑上,导致进一步释放有毒化合物,在许多情况下,这些化合物与其他废气一起,造成大量烟雾和夏季烟雾效应。这种由不规则分散的烧烤产生的累积气体反复刺激该设备区域内海滩游客的呼吸道,未燃烧的烧烤燃料残渣污染了休息区。暴露在元素下的各种质地的小块木炭往往会沉入沙中,如果海滩上玩耍的幼儿接触到这些木炭,可能会导致窒息和轻伤。研究表明,从火坑散发的烧烤烟尘和气体的暴露范围假设可延伸至 40 米之外。此外,研究还表明,使用烧烤燃料对食物进行热处理可能会导致海滩沙中燃料本身和食物储存材料的污染增加。因此,考虑到研究表明,活跃的烧烤对海滩沙以及大气空气和直接对海滩游客都有不利影响,休闲设施的管理人员应努力将这些设备集中放置在远离海滩和浴场的地方(可达数十米)。