Morrow J R, Jackson A S, Bradley P W, Hartung G H
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1986 Dec;18(6):647-52.
The effects of measured and predicted residual lung volume on the accuracy of body density and percent fat (%Fat) were investigated. Adult fitness subjects (N = 46) had residual lung volume measured with the oxygen dilution method while those from an athlete sample (N = 134) utilized the nitrogen washout technique. Residual lung volume was also predicted with gender-specific regression equations using height and age and from 24% of vital capacity (%FVC). Residual lung volume alpha reliability for the average of four residual lung volume trials exceeded 0.90 (SEM less than = 161 ml) for the oxygen dilution method and 0.99 (SEM = 30 ml) for the average of two nitrogen washout measures. The standard errors for predicted residual lung volume were 579 and 355 ml, respectively, for the men and women in the adult sample and 288 ml for the trained athlete sample. Estimating residual lung volume from %FVC yielded a SEE of 318 ml for the trained athlete sample. Measured residual lung volume errors resulted in errors of 1.04%Fat, 0.87%Fat, and 0.21%Fat for the men, women, and trained athlete samples, respectively. In contrast, predicted residual lung volume measurement errors resulted in errors of 3.70%Fat, 2.85%Fat, and 1.98%Fat for the respective samples and 2.18%Fat when using %FVC with the trained athletes. Measured residual lung volume introduces little %Fat error while predicted residual lung volume introduces a substantial source of measurement error.
研究了实测和预测的残气量对身体密度和体脂百分比（%Fat）准确性的影响。成年健康受试者（N = 46）采用氧稀释法测量残气量，而运动员样本（N = 134）则采用氮洗脱技术。还使用身高和年龄以及肺活量的24%（%FVC）通过特定性别的回归方程预测残气量。对于氧稀释法，四次残气量试验平均值的残气量α可靠性超过0.90（标准误小于等于161 ml），对于两次氮洗脱测量平均值的残气量α可靠性为0.99（标准误 = 30 ml）。成年样本中男性和女性预测残气量的标准误分别为579和355 ml，训练有素的运动员样本为288 ml。对于训练有素的运动员样本，根据%FVC估计残气量的标准误估计值为318 ml。实测残气量误差导致男性、女性和训练有素的运动员样本的体脂百分比误差分别为1.04%、0.87%和0.21%。相比之下，预测残气量测量误差导致相应样本的体脂百分比误差分别为3.70%、2.85%和1.98%，对于训练有素的运动员使用%FVC时为2.18%。实测残气量引入的体脂百分比误差很小，而预测残气量引入了大量测量误差来源。
