Bailey Nick, Ruiz Cody, Tosi Anthony, Stevison Laurie
Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA.
Department of Anthropology Kent State University Kent Ohio USA.
Ecol Evol. 2023 Oct 15;13(10):e10571. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10571. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Speciation can involve phases of divergent adaptation in allopatry and ecological/reproductive character displacement in sympatry or parapatry. Reproductive character displacement can result as a means of preventing hybridization, a process known as reinforcement speciation. In this study, we use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of two closely related primate species that have experienced introgression in their history, the rhesus () and cynomolgus () macaques, to identify genes exhibiting reproductive character displacement and other patterns consistent with reinforcement speciation. Using windowed scans of various population genetic statistics to identify signatures of reinforcement, we find 184 candidate genes associated with a variety of functions, including an overrepresentation of multiple neurological functions and several genes involved in sexual development and gametogenesis. These results are consistent with a variety of genes acting in a reinforcement process between these species. We also find signatures of introgression of the Y-chromosome that confirm previous studies suggesting male-driven introgression of into populations. This study uses WGS to find evidence of the process of reinforcement in primates that have medical and conservation relevance.
物种形成可能涉及异域性的趋异适应阶段以及同域性或邻域性的生态/生殖特征替代。生殖特征替代可能作为防止杂交的一种方式而产生，这一过程被称为强化物种形成。在本研究中，我们对两个在其历史中经历过基因渗入的近缘灵长类物种——恒河猴（猕猴）和食蟹猴，进行全基因组测序（WGS），以鉴定表现出生殖特征替代以及与强化物种形成一致的其他模式的基因。通过对各种群体遗传统计数据进行窗口扫描来识别强化特征，我们发现了184个与多种功能相关的候选基因，包括多种神经功能的过度富集以及几个参与性发育和配子发生的基因。这些结果与多种基因在这些物种间的强化过程中发挥作用相一致。我们还发现了Y染色体基因渗入的特征，证实了先前的研究，即提示雄性驱动的基因渗入到食蟹猴群体中。本研究利用全基因组测序来寻找在具有医学和保护意义的灵长类动物中强化过程的证据。
