Wanniang Naphisabet, Boehm Theresa-Maria, Codreanu-Morel Françoise, Divaret-Chauveau Amandine, Assugeni Isabela, Hilger Christiane, Kuehn Annette
Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Front Allergy. 2023 Oct 2;4:1270344. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1270344. eCollection 2023.
Peanut allergy is a growing health concern that can cause mild to severe anaphylaxis as well as reduced quality of life in patients and their families. Oral immunotherapy is an important therapeutic intervention that aims to reshape the immune system toward a higher threshold dose reactivity and sustained unresponsiveness in some patients. From an immunological point of view, young patients, especially those under 3 years old, seem to have the best chance for therapy success. To date, surrogate markers for therapy duration and response are evasive. We provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature state regarding immune signatures evolving over the course of oral immunotherapy as well as baseline immune conditions prior to the initiation of treatment. Although research comparing clinical and immune traits in the first years of life vs. later stages across different age groups is limited, promising insights are available on immunological endotypes among peanut-allergic patients. The available data call for continued research to fill in gaps in knowledge, possibly in an integrated manner, to design novel precision health approaches for advanced therapeutic interventions in peanut allergy.
花生过敏是一个日益严重的健康问题，可导致从轻度到重度的过敏反应，还会降低患者及其家庭的生活质量。口服免疫疗法是一项重要的治疗干预措施，旨在使免疫系统对更高剂量产生反应，并使部分患者产生持续无反应状态。从免疫学角度来看，年轻患者，尤其是3岁以下的患者，似乎最有可能从治疗中获益。到目前为止，治疗持续时间和反应的替代标志物仍难以捉摸。我们全面概述了当前关于口服免疫疗法过程中免疫特征演变以及治疗开始前基线免疫状况的文献。尽管比较不同年龄组生命早期与后期临床和免疫特征的研究有限，但花生过敏患者的免疫内型已有一些有前景的见解。现有数据表明需要继续开展研究，可能以综合方式填补知识空白，从而设计出针对花生过敏的新型精准健康高级治疗干预方法。
