Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 31;253(Pt 7):127420. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127420. Epub 2023 Oct 16.
In food packaging, biopolymer films are biodegradable films made from biomacromolecule-based natural materials, while biocomposite films are hybrids of two or more materials, with at least one being biodegradable. Bionanocomposites are different than the earlier ones, as they consist of various nanofillers (both natural and inorganic) in combination with biomacromolecule-based biodegradable materials to make good compostable bionanocomposites. In this regard, a new type of material known as bionanocomposite has been recently introduced to improve the properties and performance of biocomposite films. Bionanocomposites are primarily developed for active packaging, but their use in intelligent packaging is also noteworthy. For example, bionanocomposites developed using a hybrid of anthocyanin and carbon dots as intelligent materials have shown their high pH-sensing properties. The natural nanofillers (like nanocellulose, nanochitosan, nanoliposome, cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibers, etc.) are being employed to promote the sustainability, degradability and safety of bionanocomposites. Overall, this article comprehensively reviews the latest innovations in bionanocomposite films for intelligent food packaging over the past five years. In addition to packaging aspects, the role of nanofillers, the importance of life cycle assessment (LCA) and risk assessment, associated challenges, and future perspectives of bionanocomposite intelligent films are also discussed.
在食品包装中，生物聚合物薄膜是由基于生物大分子的天然材料制成的可生物降解薄膜，而生物复合材料是两种或多种材料的混合物，其中至少有一种是可生物降解的。生物纳米复合材料与早期的材料不同，因为它们由各种纳米填充物（天然和无机的）与基于生物大分子的可生物降解材料结合而成，以制造良好的可堆肥生物纳米复合材料。在这方面，最近引入了一种新型材料，称为生物纳米复合材料，以改善生物复合材料薄膜的性能和性能。生物纳米复合材料主要是为了开发活性包装而开发的，但它们在智能包装中的应用也值得注意。例如，使用花青素和碳点的混合物作为智能材料开发的生物纳米复合材料已经显示出其高 pH 传感性能。天然纳米填充物（如纳米纤维素、纳米壳聚糖、纳米脂质体、纤维素纳米晶体、纤维素纳米纤维等）被用于提高生物纳米复合材料的可持续性、可降解性和安全性。总的来说，本文全面回顾了过去五年中智能食品包装用生物纳米复合材料的最新创新。除了包装方面，还讨论了纳米填充物的作用、生命周期评估（LCA）和风险评估的重要性、相关挑战以及生物纳米复合材料智能薄膜的未来展望。
