Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
Mol Cancer. 2023 Oct 18;22(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s12943-023-01867-y.
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells, possess remarkable capability in proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. Their presence is recognized as a crucial factor contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. CSCs have garnered significant attention as a therapeutic focus and an etiologic root of treatment-resistant cells. Increasing evidence indicated that specific biomarkers, aberrant activated pathways, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and immunoevasion are considered the culprits in the occurrence of CSCs and the maintenance of CSCs properties including multi-directional differentiation. Targeting CSC biomarkers, stemness-associated pathways, TME, immunoevasion and inducing CSCs differentiation improve CSCs eradication and, therefore, cancer treatment. This review comprehensively summarized these targeted therapies, along with their current status in clinical trials. By exploring and implementing strategies aimed at eradicating CSCs, researchers aim to improve cancer treatment outcomes and overcome the challenges posed by CSC-mediated therapy resistance.
肿瘤干细胞（CSC）是肿瘤细胞中的一个亚群，具有显著的增殖、自我更新和分化能力。它们的存在被认为是肿瘤进展和转移的关键因素。CSC 作为治疗靶点和治疗耐药细胞的病因已引起广泛关注。越来越多的证据表明，特定的生物标志物、异常激活的信号通路、免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（TME）和免疫逃逸被认为是 CSC 发生和维持 CSC 特性（包括多向分化）的罪魁祸首。针对 CSC 生物标志物、干性相关信号通路、TME、免疫逃逸和诱导 CSC 分化可提高 CSC 的清除率，从而改善癌症治疗效果。本综述全面总结了这些靶向治疗方法及其在临床试验中的现状。通过探索和实施旨在根除 CSC 的策略，研究人员旨在改善癌症治疗效果并克服 CSC 介导的治疗耐药性所带来的挑战。
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