Private Office, Erfurt, Germany.
Private Office, Munich, Germany.
J Sleep Res. 2024 May;33(3):e14067. doi: 10.1111/jsr.14067. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
A 1-year systematic diary was kept by an anonymous diarist in Hamburg in the year 1755-1756. Sleep, activities, food intake, urine volume, and meteorological data were documented daily. The systematic recording of sleep and naps, with an accuracy of a quarter of an hour allowed analysis of the placement, duration, and consistency of sleep. The mean (range) night sleep duration was 6 (3-9) h. The distribution of sleep interruptions showed two peaks, short (≤30 min) and long (≥45 min) interruptions. The latter indicted nights with segmented sleep. Time in bed was subject to strong seasonal variations. Bedtime and rise time were earlier in summer than in winter and sleep latency was shorter in summer than in winter. However, sleep duration displayed a large spread in all seasons and did not differ substantially between summer and winter. Seasonal variations of sleep timing were related to the varying daylight hours during the year. Finally, the results of this individual case may prompt a more detailed investigation of the variability of sleep behaviour in the pre-industrial period.
1755-1756 年，一位匿名的汉堡日记作者每天记录下睡眠、活动、食物摄入量、尿量和气象数据，完成了为期一年的系统日记。睡眠和小睡的系统记录，精度达到四分之一小时，允许分析睡眠的位置、持续时间和一致性。平均（范围）夜间睡眠时间为 6（3-9）小时。睡眠中断的分布显示出两个高峰，短（≤30 分钟）和长（≥45 分钟）中断。后者表明夜间有分段睡眠。卧床时间受到强烈的季节性变化的影响。夏季比冬季上床时间和起床时间更早，夏季的睡眠潜伏期比冬季更短。然而，在所有季节，睡眠时间的变化都很大，夏季和冬季之间没有显著差异。睡眠时间的季节性变化与一年中不同的日光时间有关。最后，这个个体案例的结果可能会促使人们对前工业化时期的睡眠行为变异性进行更详细的研究。
