J Pediatr Health Care. 2022 Nov-Dec;36(6):618-627. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.06.004. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
Eating disorders are complex, potentially life-threatening conditions characterized by disruptive eating behaviors that significantly impact physical and psychosocial functioning. The adolescent population is at an increased risk of developing eating disorders because of developmental changes affecting their perception. Eating disorders are associated with devastating medical complications and high mortality rates if left untreated. As the prevalence of eating disorders among adolescents continues to increase, it is important that clinicians are knowledgeable about early signs of disordered eating and facilitate timely evaluation and care coordination. Newly released clinical guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics are reviewed for early identification and management of eating disorders in children and adolescents. The epidemiology, risk factors, and medical complications for common eating disorders in primary care such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, are presented. An approach to screening for eating disorders, clinical assessment, and treatment options are outlined.
饮食失调是一种复杂的、潜在危及生命的疾病，其特征是饮食行为紊乱，严重影响身体和社会心理功能。由于影响青少年感知的发育变化，他们患饮食失调的风险增加。如果不加以治疗，饮食失调会导致严重的医疗并发症和高死亡率。由于青少年饮食失调的患病率持续上升，临床医生了解饮食失调的早期迹象并促进及时评估和护理协调非常重要。本文回顾了美国儿科学会发布的新临床指南，以了解儿童和青少年饮食失调的早期识别和管理。介绍了常见饮食失调的流行病学、风险因素和医疗并发症，如神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症和暴食障碍。还概述了饮食失调的筛查方法、临床评估和治疗选择。
