Taniguchi Yu, Seino Satoshi, Ikeuchi Tomoko, Hata Toshiki, Shinkai Shoji, Kitamura Akihiko, Fujiwara Yoshinori
Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan. ADRESS:16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan. ADRESS: 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Oct 7;36:102465. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102465. eCollection 2023 Dec.
This prospective study examined the associations of dog/cat ownership with incident disabling dementia using propensity score matching based on the physical, social, and psychological characteristics of dog and cat owners. We also examined associations of the interaction between dog/cat ownership and exercise habit and social isolation with dementia. Overall, 11,194 older adults selected using stratified and random sampling strategies in 2016 were analyzed. Dog/cat ownership was defined as "current" or "past and never". Disabling dementia was defined according to physicians' rating in the long-term care insurance system in Japan during the approximately 4-year follow-up period. Statistical analysis was weighted by the inverse of the propensity score in the generalized estimating equation after adjusting for follow-up period. Current dog owners (8.6 %) had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.60 (95 %CI: 0.37-0.977) of having disabling dementia compared to past and never owners. For cat ownership, the corresponding OR was 0.98 (95 %CI: 0.62-1.55). Current dog owners with a regular exercise habit had an OR of 0.37 (0.20-0.68) compared to past and never dog owners with no exercise habit. Further, current dog owners with no social isolation had an OR of 0.41 (0.23-0.73) compared to past and never dog owners with social isolation. Dog ownership had a suppressive effect on incident disabling dementia after adjusting for background factors over a 4-year follow-up period. Specifically, dog owners with an exercise habit and no social isolation had a significantly lower risk of disabling dementia.
这项前瞻性研究基于养狗和养猫者的身体、社会和心理特征，采用倾向得分匹配法，研究了养狗/猫与致残性痴呆发病之间的关联。我们还研究了养狗/猫与运动习惯及社交孤立之间的相互作用与痴呆的关联。总体而言，对2016年采用分层随机抽样策略选取的11194名老年人进行了分析。养狗/猫被定义为“目前”或“过去养过且现在不养”。致残性痴呆根据日本长期护理保险系统中医生在约4年随访期内的评定来定义。在对随访期进行调整后，在广义估计方程中采用倾向得分的倒数进行加权统计分析。与过去养过且现在不养的人相比，目前养狗的人（8.6%）患致残性痴呆的比值比（OR）为0.60（95%置信区间：0.37 - 0.977）。对于养猫，相应的OR为0.98（95%置信区间：0.62 - 1.55）。与没有运动习惯的过去养过且现在不养的养狗者相比，有规律运动习惯的目前养狗者的OR为0.37（0.20 - 0.68）。此外，与有社交孤立的过去养过且现在不养的养狗者相比，没有社交孤立的目前养狗者的OR为0.41（0.23 - 0.73）。在对背景因素进行调整后，经过4年随访期，养狗对致残性痴呆的发病有抑制作用。具体而言，有运动习惯且没有社交孤立的养狗者患致残性痴呆的风险显著较低。
