De-la-Vega-Camarillo Esaú, Hernández-García Juan Alfredo, Villa-Tanaca Lourdes, Hernández-Rodríguez César
Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Bacterias y Levaduras, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Oct 4;14:1247814. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247814. eCollection 2023.
The bacterial component of plant holobiont maintains valuable interactions that contribute to plants' growth, adaptation, stress tolerance, and antagonism to some phytopathogens. Teosinte is the grass plant recognized as the progenitor of modern maize, domesticated by pre-Hispanic civilizations around 9,000 years ago. Three teosinte species are recognized: , , and . In this work, the bacterial diversity of three species of Mexican teosinte seeds was explored by massive sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , among others, were the bacterial genera mainly represented. The bacterial alpha diversity in the seeds of was the highest, while the alpha diversity in subsp. mexicana race was the lowest observed among the species and races. The Mexican teosintes analyzed had a core bacteriome of 38 bacterial genera, including several recognized plant growth promoters or fungal biocontrol agents such as , , , , , , , , , among other. Metabolic inference analysis by PICRUSt2 of bacterial genera showed several pathways related to plant growth promotion (PGP), biological control, and environmental adaptation. The implications of these findings are far-reaching, as they highlight the existence of an exceptional bacterial germplasm reservoir teeming with potential plant growth promotion bacteria (PGPB). This reserve holds the key to cultivating innovative bioinoculants and formidable fungal antagonistic strains, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach to agriculture. Embracing these novel NGS-based techniques and understanding the profound impact of the vertical transference of microorganisms from seeds could revolutionize the future of agriculture and develop a new era of symbiotic harmony between plants and microbes.
植物全生物的细菌成分维持着有价值的相互作用，有助于植物的生长、适应、胁迫耐受性以及对一些植物病原体的拮抗作用。大刍草是被认为是现代玉米祖先的禾本科植物，大约在9000年前被前西班牙文明驯化。已确认三种大刍草物种： 、 和 。在这项工作中，通过对16S rRNA扩增子进行大规模测序，探索了三种墨西哥大刍草种子的细菌多样性。 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 等是主要代表的细菌属。 的种子中的细菌α多样性最高，而在 亚种墨西哥变种中观察到的α多样性是所有物种和变种中最低的。所分析的墨西哥大刍草有一个由38个细菌属组成的核心细菌群落，包括几种公认的植物生长促进剂或真菌生物防治剂，如 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 等。通过PICRUSt2对细菌属进行的代谢推断分析显示了几种与植物生长促进（PGP）、生物防治和环境适应相关的途径。这些发现的影响深远，因为它们突出了存在一个特殊的细菌种质库，其中充满了潜在的植物生长促进细菌（PGPB）。这个储备是培育创新生物接种剂和强大真菌拮抗菌株的关键，从而为更可持续和生态友好的农业方法铺平道路。采用这些基于新一代测序（NGS）的新技术并了解微生物从种子垂直转移的深远影响，可能会彻底改变农业的未来，并开创植物与微生物共生和谐的新时代。
