Mpox Multinational Response, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 26;229(Supplement_2):S121-S131. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad465.
Orthopoxviruses have repeatedly confounded expectations in terms of the clinical illness they cause and their patterns of spread. Monkeypox virus (MPXV), originally characterized in the late 1950s during outbreaks among captive primates, has been recognized since the 1970s to cause human disease (mpox) in West and Central Africa, where interhuman transmission has largely been associated with nonsexual, close physical contact. In May 2022, a focus of MPXV transmission was detected, spreading among international networks of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. The outbreak grew in both size and geographic scope, testing the strength of preparedness tools and public health science alike. In this article we consider what was known about mpox before the 2022 outbreak, what we learned about mpox during the outbreak, and what continued research is needed to ensure that the global public health community can detect, and halt further spread of this disease threat.
正痘病毒在引起的临床疾病和传播模式方面一再令人意外。猴痘病毒（MPXV）最初在 20 世纪 50 年代的圈养灵长类动物暴发期间被描述，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，人们已认识到该病毒会导致西非和中非的人类疾病（猴痘），人际传播主要与非性的、密切的身体接触有关。2022 年 5 月，检测到了一处 MPXV 传播中心，该中心在国际同性恋、双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系的男性群体网络中传播。疫情规模和地理范围都在扩大，对防范工具和公共卫生科学的力度都构成了考验。在本文中，我们考虑了在 2022 年疫情爆发之前已知的关于猴痘的情况、在疫情期间了解到的关于猴痘的情况，以及为确保全球公共卫生界能够发现并阻止这种疾病威胁的进一步传播，需要继续开展哪些研究。
