Department of Physiology, World College of Medical Science & Hospital, Jhajjar, Haryana, India.
Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2023 Sep;158(3):311-316. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2952_21.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Post exercise hypotension (PEH) is a well-known entity in hypertensive and borderline hypertensive patients. Since the results are inconsistent in normotensives and there is a genetic predisposition of the individuals to hypertension, we hypothesized that PEH is expected to occur in those normotensives who are offspring of hypertensive parents. In this study, we therefore aimed to compare the magnitude of PEH after an acute bout of moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in the offspring of hypertensives vs. offspring of normotensives.
Sixty normotensive participants of both genders (male and female in equal proportion), aged 18-40 yr, were divided into two groups based on their family history of hypertension. The cases (Group 1, n=30) consisted of the normotensives who were offspring of hypertensive parents while the normotensives who were offspring of normotensive parents were taken as the controls (Group 2, n=30). The hypertensive patients were excluded from the study. The individuals underwent a control session (sitting at rest for 5-10 min), followed by a single acute bout of MICE based on the target heart rate (60-70% of maximum heart rate) on a treadmill at the same time of the day (in the morning). The pre- and post-exercise measurements (after 10 min post exercise) of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were taken in all the participants using mercury sphygmomanometer in sitting position on the left arm. The intergroup and intragroup net effects of exercise on BP were compared with P<0.05 considered significant.
The mean SBP was reduced by 5 mmHg than the baseline in the offspring of hypertensives (cases) as compared to the controls after exercise (P=0.01). The fall in mean DBP and MAP was insignificant across both the groups, but the magnitude of PEH measured as delta changes (BP before and after exercise) in SBP (5 mmHg) and MAP (4 mmHg) were significantly higher for the cases as compared to the controls (P=0.01).
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: PEH occurs in higher magnitude in normotensives who are genetically predisposed to hypertension, such as offspring of hypertensive parents, and may find regular exercise-induced PEH as an important primary preventive tool to prevent or delay the development of hypertension.
运动后低血压（PEH）在高血压和临界高血压患者中是一种众所周知的现象。由于在正常血压者中结果不一致，并且个体存在高血压的遗传易感性，因此我们假设 PEH可能发生在那些父母为高血压的正常血压者中。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在比较高血压父母的后代与正常血压父母的后代在一次急性中等强度连续运动（MICE）后 PEH 的幅度。
将 60 名年龄在 18-40 岁之间的正常血压者（男女各占一半）分为两组，根据家族高血压史。病例组（第 1 组，n=30）由高血压父母的正常血压者组成，而正常血压父母的正常血压者作为对照组（第 2 组，n=30）。排除高血压患者。个体进行一次对照（静息 5-10 分钟），然后在同一天（上午）在跑步机上根据目标心率（最大心率的 60-70%）进行单次急性 MICE。在所有参与者中，使用汞柱血压计在左侧坐姿下测量收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和平均动脉压（MAP）的运动前后测量值（运动后 10 分钟）。运动对 BP 的组间和组内净效应与 P<0.05 被认为有统计学意义。
与对照组相比，高血压父母的后代（病例组）的平均 SBP 在运动后比基线降低了 5mmHg（P=0.01）。两组的平均 DBP 和 MAP 下降均不显著，但 SBP（5mmHg）和 MAP（4mmHg）的 PEH 幅度变化（运动前后的 BP）在病例组中明显高于对照组（P=0.01）。
在遗传易患高血压的正常血压者中，PEH 发生的幅度更高，例如高血压父母的后代，定期运动引起的 PEH 可能成为预防或延迟高血压发展的重要初级预防工具。
