School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Narcotic Control Division of Nanjing Public Security Bureau, Nanjing, 210042, China.
Anal Methods. 2023 Nov 2;15(42):5692-5699. doi: 10.1039/d3ay01280h.
Colloidal gold immunoassay is the most widely used method in the field of drug detection. However, this method often has poor quantitative identification ability and low analytical sensitivity, which is not suitable for the analysis of hair poisoning ingredients. In order to solve these limitations, we developed an immunochromatographic test strip for simultaneously screening multiple drugs in this study. This hand-held test strip used fluorescent nanoparticles loaded with lanthanide chelates as the signal carrier of fluorescence reading, and conducted quantitative testing of various drugs based on the competitive immune reaction between the analyte and antigen. Under the optimal conditions, the competition curves of morphine (MOP), methamphetamine (MET) and ketamine (KET) were obtained on a single band. The detection limit (LOD) of this analytical method was 100-1000 times lower than that of colloidal gold test strips. The detection limits of MOP, MET and KET were 0.06 ng mL, 0.1 ng mL and 1.0 ng mL, respectively. No cross-reaction was observed when morphine, methamphetamine and ketamine were tested simultaneously with this method. And 184 hair samples were tested simultaneously, and the detected amount was very close to the results of LC-MS. The immunochromatographic strip showed good stability in repeated tests, and the coefficient of variation was less than 15%. Fluorescence immunochromatography strips and handheld strip readers have the characteristics of portability, speed, ease of operation and high sensitivity, and may become powerful tools for screening drug abuse in hair in forensic medicine.
胶体金免疫层析法是药物检测领域应用最广泛的方法。但该方法往往定量识别能力差，分析灵敏度低，不适合毛发中毒物成分的分析。为解决这些局限性，本研究开发了一种用于同时筛选多种药物的免疫层析测试条。这种手持式测试条使用负载镧系螯合物的荧光纳米粒子作为荧光读取的信号载体，基于分析物与抗原之间的竞争免疫反应进行各种药物的定量检测。在最佳条件下，在单个条带上获得了吗啡（MOP）、甲基苯丙胺（MET）和氯胺酮（KET）的竞争曲线。该分析方法的检测限（LOD）比胶体金测试条低 100-1000 倍。该方法检测 MOP、MET 和 KET 的检测限分别为 0.06 ng mL、0.1 ng mL 和 1.0 ng mL。同时用该方法检测吗啡、甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮时，没有观察到交叉反应。同时检测了 184 个毛发样本，检测结果与 LC-MS 非常接近。免疫层析条在重复测试中表现出良好的稳定性，变异系数小于 15%。荧光免疫层析条和手持式条带读取器具有便携、快速、易于操作和高灵敏度的特点，可能成为法医毛发中药物滥用筛查的有力工具。
