Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences (SoVSAS), Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201 312, India.
Department of Environmental Science, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences (SoVSAS), Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201 312, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Oct 20;195(11):1352. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11977-1.
The production of polycarbonate, a high-performance transparent plastic, employs bisphenol A, which is a prominent endocrine-disrupting compound. Polycarbonates are frequently used in the manufacturing of food, bottles, storage containers for newborns, and beverage packaging materials. Global production of BPA in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes. About 65-70% of all bisphenol A is used to make polycarbonate plastics. Bisphenol A leaches from improperly disposed plastic items and enters the environment through wastewater from plastic-producing industries, contaminating, sediments, surface water, and ground water. The concentration BPA in industrial and domestic wastewater ranges from 16 to 1465 ng/L while in surface water it has been detected 170-3113 ng/L. Wastewater treatment can be highly effective at removing BPA, giving reductions of 91-98%. Regardless, the remaining 2-9% of BPA will continue through to the environment, with low levels of BPA commonly observed in surface water and sediment in the USA and Europe. The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate, with PubMed listing more than 17,000 scientific papers as of 2023. Bisphenol A poses environmental and health hazards in aquatic systems, affecting ecosystems and human health. While several studies have revealed its presence in aqueous streams, environmentally sound technologies should be explored for its removal from the contaminated environment. Concern is mostly related to its estrogen-like activity, although it can interact with other receptor systems as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Present review article encompasses the updated information on sources, environmental concerns, and sustainable remediation techniques for bisphenol A removal from aquatic ecosystems, discussing gaps, constraints, and future research requirements.
聚碳酸酯是一种高性能透明塑料，其生产采用双酚 A，这是一种突出的内分泌干扰化合物。聚碳酸酯常用于制造食品、瓶子、新生儿储存容器和饮料包装材料。据估计，2022 年全球 BPA 产量在 1000 万吨左右。大约 65-70%的双酚 A 用于制造聚碳酸酯塑料。未正确处理的塑料物品会使双酚 A 浸出，并通过塑料生产行业的废水进入环境，污染沉积物、地表水和地下水。工业和生活废水中 BPA 的浓度范围为 16-1465ng/L，而地表水中的浓度为 170-3113ng/L。废水处理可以非常有效地去除 BPA，减少 91-98%。然而，剩余的 2-9%的 BPA 将继续进入环境，美国和欧洲的地表水和沉积物中通常会检测到低水平的 BPA。BPA 的健康影响一直是公众和科学界长期争论的主题，截至 2023 年，PubMed 列出了超过 17000 篇科学论文。BPA 在水生系统中存在环境和健康危害，影响生态系统和人类健康。虽然有几项研究已经揭示了它在水相中的存在，但应该探索环境友好的技术来去除受污染环境中的 BPA。人们主要关注的是它的类雌激素活性，尽管它作为一种内分泌干扰化学物质可以与其他受体系统相互作用。本文综述了 BPA 从水生生态系统中去除的最新信息，包括来源、环境问题和可持续修复技术，讨论了差距、限制因素和未来的研究需求。
