葡萄牙 COVID-19 疫情期间的远程办公与工作满意度的决定因素：一项横断面研究。
Telework during the COVID-19 epidemic in Portugal and determinants of job satisfaction: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
CHRC - Comprehensive Health Research Center; National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 6;21(1):2217. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12295-2.
BACKGROUND
Telework satisfaction is a Public Health concern, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, and its determinant factors may be related with the negative health effects of teleworking. However, there is still little research exploring this issue. This study aimed to characterize telework during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Portugal and to identify the major predictors of telework satisfaction.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study aimed at all teleworkers working in Portugal, during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic. Data were collected through a Google Forms platform online questionnaire distributed by a snowball method on social networks. Descriptive statistics included crude and relative frequency data. The associations between sociodemographic characteristics, self-perceived health, organization of working time, concentration at work, work-life balance, work disconnection, working conditions, and organizational demands (flexibility and organizational trust based on E-work Life Scale) with telework satisfaction were estimated through logistic regression.
RESULTS
This study included 1004 participants. Teleworkers satisfaction levels were high (69%). Better concentration at work (OR = 1.54; 95%CI 1.01-2.34); the satisfaction with the balance between work life and extra work when teleworking (OR = 1.79; 95%CI 1.17-2.74); and higher work flexibility (OR = 2.26; 95%CI 1.46-3.49) were good predictors of greater levels of satisfaction with telework. However, its major predictors were the company's trust in teleworkers (OR = 4.50; 95%CI 2.89-7.02) and feeling good in the workspace at home (OR = 3.72; 95%CI 1.46-9.49).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings point that work environment and organizational culture play a crucial role in affecting telework satisfaction. More studies are needed to monitor telework satisfaction and its effects on physical and mental health, so that Public and Occupational Health (and Safety) can be able to identify and implement the best interventions that allow promoting individual health and foster a healthy work environment for teleworkers.
背景
远程工作满意度是公共卫生关注的一个问题，尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行期间，其决定因素可能与远程工作对健康的负面影响有关。然而，目前仍很少有研究探讨这一问题。本研究旨在描述葡萄牙 COVID-19 疫情第一波期间的远程工作情况，并确定远程工作满意度的主要预测因素。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，对象为葡萄牙 COVID-19 疫情第一波期间所有远程工作者。数据通过谷歌表单平台在线问卷收集，采用社交网络中的雪球法进行分发。描述性统计包括原始和相对频率数据。通过逻辑回归估计社会人口统计学特征、自我感知健康、工作时间安排、工作注意力、工作与生活平衡、工作断开、工作条件和组织需求（基于 E-work Life Scale 的灵活性和组织信任）与远程工作满意度之间的关联。
结果
本研究共纳入 1004 名参与者。远程工作者的满意度水平较高（69%）。更好的工作注意力（OR=1.54；95%CI 1.01-2.34）；当远程工作时对工作与生活平衡和额外工作的满意度（OR=1.79；95%CI 1.17-2.74）；以及更高的工作灵活性（OR=2.26；95%CI 1.46-3.49）是对远程工作更高满意度的良好预测因素。然而，其主要预测因素是公司对远程工作者的信任（OR=4.50；95%CI 2.89-7.02）和在家工作空间感觉良好（OR=3.72；95%CI 1.46-9.49）。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，工作环境和组织文化在影响远程工作满意度方面起着至关重要的作用。需要进一步研究来监测远程工作满意度及其对身心健康的影响，以便公共和职业健康（和安全）能够识别和实施最佳干预措施，促进个人健康，并为远程工作者创造健康的工作环境。
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