Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
School of Graduate Studies, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 20;18(10):e0288150. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288150. eCollection 2023.
Although pro-dietary practices and associated malnutrition are modifiable risk factors, they have a significant effect on maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of nutritional education and home gardening promotion on feto-maternal outcomes among pregnant women.
A three parallel arms community-based cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from August 2020 to January 2021. Eighteen selected clusters were randomly assigned into three arms: husband (pregnant woman with her husband), peers (pregnant woman with her peers), and the controls. A total of 348 pregnant women were recruited in a 1:1:1 allocation ratio to the study arms at the baseline and 336 attended the end-line survey. Three nutrition education sessions and four varieties of vegetable seeds were provided for women in the intervention arms (husband and peers) and only routine nutrition education for the controls. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation analysis (GEE) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal Wallis test were used to evaluate the effect of the interventions. The intervention effect estimates were obtained through a difference-in-differences approach.
In the final model, neonates born to women in the husband group were 232 g heavier than those in the control groups (β = 232, 95%CI: 228.00, 236.27. Similarly, women in the husband group had a 0.45 g/dl greater hemoglobin level than the control groups (β = 0.45, 95% CI: 36.48, 54.40). Likewise, a minimum diet diversity score was higher in the husband group as compared to the controls (β = 0.87 95% CI: (0.56, 1.18).
Therefore, nutrition education and home gardening interventions resulted in a significant positive effect on the mean birth weight and maternal hemoglobin level among the intervention groups. The findings imply the need for enhancing such interventions to improve feto-maternal outcomes. The trial was registered at Pan African Clinical Trial Registry as PACTR202008624731801.
尽管促进饮食的行为和相关的营养不良是可改变的危险因素，但它们对母婴健康结局有重大影响。因此，本研究旨在评估营养教育和家庭园艺推广对孕妇胎儿-产妇结局的影响。
这是一项在 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 1 月在埃塞俄比亚西南的季马地区进行的三平行臂社区为基础的集群随机对照试验。从 18 个选定的集群中随机分配到三个组：丈夫（孕妇及其丈夫）、同伴（孕妇及其同伴）和对照组。在基线时，以 1:1:1 的比例将 348 名孕妇随机分配到研究组，336 名孕妇参加了终点调查。为干预组（丈夫和同伴）的妇女提供了三次营养教育课程和四种蔬菜种子，而对照组仅接受常规营养教育。使用预测试的访谈者管理的结构化问卷收集数据。使用广义估计方程分析（GEE）和单向方差分析（ANOVA）和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验来评估干预的效果。干预效果估计是通过差异差异法获得的。
在最终模型中，丈夫组的新生儿比对照组的新生儿重 232 克（β=232，95%CI：228.00，236.27）。同样，丈夫组的妇女血红蛋白水平比对照组高 0.45 克/分升（β=0.45，95%CI：36.48，54.40）。同样，丈夫组的最低饮食多样性评分也高于对照组（β=0.87，95%CI：（0.56，1.18）。
因此，营养教育和家庭园艺干预对干预组的平均出生体重和产妇血红蛋白水平有显著的积极影响。研究结果表明，需要加强这些干预措施，以改善胎儿-产妇结局。本试验在泛非临床试验注册中心注册，注册号为 PACTR202008624731801。
