Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Cruz Roja University Nursing Center, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Nutr Rev. 2021 Aug 9;79(9):945-963. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa119.
Despite the importance of cultural beliefs in clinical practice, few systematic reviews have investigated how these beliefs influence food practices in pregnant women.
To explore the role of cultural beliefs in eating patterns and food practices among pregnant women, highlighting food recommendations, food taboos and restrictions, and their association with health.
A systematic review was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from May 2014 to May 2019.
Articles were included if the studies included pregnant women, analyzed how cultural beliefs may influence eating patterns, were peer-reviewed articles with original data, published in the last 5 years, and in English or Spanish language. Quality assessment was also performed.
A total of 544 articles were identified in the search and 24 were included in the final analysis (17 using qualitative design, 6 using quantitative design, and 1 with a mixed-design). These studies were predominantly from the African continent (n = 15). Our findings showed that culture is a key factor related to "taboos" and food restrictions, which are transmitted by the family or members of community, having a strong religious or spiritual influence. All these restrictions are related to the fear of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes such as the risk of abortion, dystocia, and congenital macrosomia, or are used to avoid child problems such as cutaneous and respiratory disorders.
Findings from this study indicate cultural beliefs are strongly associated with food patterns and eating habits in pregnant women. Administrators and health professionals should be aware of these beliefs to minimize problems in the perinatal period.
尽管文化信仰在临床实践中很重要，但很少有系统评价研究这些信仰如何影响孕妇的饮食行为。
探讨文化信仰在孕妇饮食模式和饮食行为中的作用，重点介绍食物推荐、食物禁忌和限制，以及它们与健康的关系。
使用以下电子数据库进行系统评价：PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science，检索时间为 2014 年 5 月至 2019 年 5 月。
如果研究包括孕妇，分析文化信仰如何影响饮食模式，是同行评议的原创数据文章，发表在过去 5 年内，且为英文或西班牙语，那么这些文章将被纳入。同时还进行了质量评估。
在搜索中发现了 544 篇文章，最终有 24 篇被纳入分析（17 篇采用定性设计，6 篇采用定量设计，1 篇采用混合设计）。这些研究主要来自非洲大陆（n=15）。我们的研究结果表明，文化是与“禁忌”和食物限制相关的关键因素，这些禁忌和限制是由家庭或社区成员传递的，具有强烈的宗教或精神影响。所有这些限制都与不良妊娠结局的风险有关，如流产、难产和先天性巨大儿的风险，或者是用来避免儿童皮肤和呼吸道疾病等问题。
本研究结果表明，文化信仰与孕妇的饮食模式和饮食习惯密切相关。管理者和卫生专业人员应该了解这些信仰，以最大限度地减少围产期的问题。
