Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
BMJ Open. 2021 Oct 25;11(10):e055125. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055125.
To assess the magnitude of dietary diversity and associated factors among pregnant women in the rural communities of Jimma Zone, south-west Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 June to 30 June 2020.
The study was conducted in Seka Chekorsa and Mana districts. From a total of 63 listed kebeles, 21 were randomly selected.
Three hundred sixty first-trimester pregnant women have participated in this study. We used a systematic random sampling method to select the participants after a home-to-home census.
Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24 hours dietary recall method. Descriptive statistics were computed to describe the study subjects. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was run to control for all possible confounding effects and measure the strength of association between the outcome of interest and predictor.
The overall magnitude of adequate dietary diversity was found to be 186 (51.7%); 95% CI 46.1% to 56.4%). Having attended elementary education (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.45; 95% CI 1.33 to 4.51), completed grade 8 (AOR=6.05; 95% CI 2.65 to 13.80), attended high school (AOR=11.69; 95% CI 3.76 to 36.27), completed high school and above (AOR=2.92; 95% CI 1.16 to 7.32), husbands attended high school (AOR=2.92; 95% CI 1.15 to 7.47), family size of less than five (AOR=3.44; 95% CI to 1.77-6.66) were positively significantly associated with adequate dietary diversity. On the other hand, not had additional meal during pregnancy (AOR=0.42; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.83) was negatively associated with adequate dietary diversity.
We observed that the adequate dietary diversity score of pregnant women was low compared with the pooled proportion of dietary diversity conducted in Ethiopia. Therefore, strengthening and promoting female education through intersectoral collaborations and additional meal counselling during pregnancy is indispensable.
评估埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马地区农村社区孕妇的饮食多样性及其相关因素的严重程度。
这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，于 2020 年 6 月 1 日至 30 日进行。
该研究在塞卡切克萨和马纳区进行。在总共列出的 63 个 kebeles 中，随机选择了 21 个。
360 名处于孕早期的孕妇参加了这项研究。我们使用系统随机抽样方法，在家庭普查后选择参与者。
采用 24 小时膳食回顾法评估饮食多样性。使用描述性统计方法描述研究对象。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑回归，以控制所有可能的混杂效应，并测量感兴趣的结果与预测因子之间的关联强度。
总体上，适当的饮食多样性程度为 186（51.7%）；95%置信区间为 46.1%至 56.4%）。接受过小学教育（调整后的比值比（AOR）=2.45；95%置信区间 1.33 至 4.51）、完成 8 年级（AOR=6.05；95%置信区间 2.65 至 13.80）、接受高中教育（AOR=11.69；95%置信区间 3.76 至 36.27）、完成高中及以上教育（AOR=2.92；95%置信区间 1.16 至 7.32）、丈夫接受过高中教育（AOR=2.92；95%置信区间 1.15 至 7.47）、家庭规模小于 5 人（AOR=3.44；95%置信区间 1.77 至 6.66）与适当的饮食多样性呈正相关。另一方面，怀孕期间没有额外的膳食（AOR=0.42；95%置信区间 0.21 至 0.83）与适当的饮食多样性呈负相关。
与在埃塞俄比亚进行的饮食多样性汇总比例相比，我们观察到孕妇的适当饮食多样性评分较低。因此，通过部门间合作加强和促进女性教育，并在怀孕期间提供额外的膳食咨询是必不可少的。
