Porter J L, Looker Q, Claus L
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA.
Advanced hCMOS Systems, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87120, USA.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2023 Jun 1;94(6). doi: 10.1063/5.0138264.
Hybrid CMOS (hCMOS) x-ray framing cameras are a new and powerful detector option for experiments in the fields of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and High Energy Density Physics (HEDP). These digital cameras capture multiple images along a single line-of-sight with a time resolution as short as 1.5 ns and with high quantum efficiency. To manage the high data rate, an image sequence is acquired in a short burst of time and subsequently read out on a much longer time scale. The technology is well suited for operating in high radiation environments, including fusion ignition experiments. Diagnostics using hCMOS cameras are now deployed in experiments on major laser and pulsed-power ICF facilities around the world. Continued advances in microelectronics technologies will enable faster and more capable detectors well into the future. This paper reviews this detector technology with a focus on application to ICF and HEDP experiments.
混合互补金属氧化物半导体（hCMOS）X射线分幅相机是惯性约束聚变（ICF）和高能量密度物理（HEDP）领域实验中一种新型且强大的探测器选择。这些数码相机沿单一视线方向捕获多幅图像，时间分辨率短至1.5纳秒，且具有高量子效率。为了管理高数据速率，图像序列在短时间突发中采集，随后在长得多的时间尺度上读出。该技术非常适合在包括聚变点火实验在内的高辐射环境中运行。目前，世界各地主要激光和脉冲功率ICF设施的实验中都部署了使用hCMOS相机的诊断设备。微电子技术的持续进步将在未来实现更快、性能更强的探测器。本文对这种探测器技术进行了综述，重点关注其在ICF和HEDP实验中的应用。
