Dunne M P, Macdonald D, Hartley L R
Physiol Behav. 1986;37(6):849-54.
This study examined the effects of 4 mg nicotine and placebo upon problem solving performance in word and number tasks, and subsequent recall and recognition of the answers to these problems. The results demonstrated that the drug had no effect upon the subject's ability to generate the correct answers to the problems, but that immediate and delayed recall and recognition were significantly impaired. These data clearly do not support the view that nicotine, without exception, enhances information processing, and it was suggested that the effects of nicotine upon information retrieval may be specific to tasks which assess episodic memory in the absence of retrieval cues or a problem solving context.
本研究考察了4毫克尼古丁和安慰剂对单词和数字任务中问题解决能力的影响，以及随后对这些问题答案的回忆和识别。结果表明，该药物对受试者生成问题正确答案的能力没有影响，但即时和延迟回忆及识别能力均受到显著损害。这些数据显然不支持尼古丁无一例外地增强信息处理的观点，有人认为尼古丁对信息检索的影响可能特定于在没有检索线索或问题解决背景的情况下评估情景记忆的任务。
