Advanced Education in Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, The University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Texas, USA,
John M. Powers, Ph.D., Center for Biomaterials & Biomimetics (PCBB), The University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Texas, USA.
Am J Dent. 2023 Oct;36(5):227-232.
To evaluate staining- and aging-dependent changes in the color and translucency of 3D-printed resin-modified ceramics (RMC).
Specimens (n= 5 per condition and material) were fabricated from test materials: Permanent Crown Resin (PCR), Crowntec (CT), Vita Enamic (VE) and Tetric CAD (TC). Specimens were stained in wine, coffee, tea, and water (control) and exposed to artificial accelerated aging (AAA). Color measurements were obtained using a spectrophotometer at baseline (T0) and at 3.5 (T1) and 7 (T2) days after immersion. For AAA, measurements were obtained at baseline (T0) and after exposure to controlled irradiance of 150 kJ/m² (T1) and 300 kJ/m² (T2). Mean and standard deviations were calculated on CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE₀₀), translucency parameter (TP₀₀) and treatment-dependent changes in the translucency parameter (ΔTP₀ ₀). Differences between materials and test conditions were tested by one-way ANOVA (α= 0.05). Results were additionally interpreted using visual color difference thresholds in dentistry ΔE₀₀= 0.8 for the 50:50 perceptibility threshold (PT) and ΔE₀₀= 1.8 for the 50:50 acceptability threshold (AT). ΔTP₀₀ values were interpreted using 5058;50 TPT₀₀= 0.6 and 50:0% TAT₀₀= 2.6.
Statistically significant differences were found among the materials when exposed to the different test conditions. At the T0-T1 time interval, the highest color difference was found with wine (0.1-2.2) on all materials except CT, which showed the highest ΔE₀₀ with AAA (2.5). The second highest color differences were obtained upon exposure to AAA (0.2-2.5) and tea (0.5-1.1). The TP₀₀ at baseline ranged from 5.1 to 9.8. Significant differences in ΔTP₀₀ were found among the tested materials and staining/aging conditions, but no significant differences were found among the staining/aging intervals (T0-T1, T0-T2 and T1-T2).
Staining- and artificial aging-dependent changes of 3D-printed and milled resin modified ceramics used for definitive restorations could represent a challenge in terms of restoration acceptability or dissatisfaction. Staining and aging conditions produced significant color changes, while translucency changes were not significant.
评估 3D 打印树脂改性陶瓷（RMC）在染色和老化方面的颜色和半透明度变化。
从测试材料中制备样本（每种材料和条件各 5 个样本）：永久冠树脂（PCR）、Crowntec（CT）、Vita Enamic（VE）和 Tetric CAD（TC）。样本在酒、咖啡、茶和水中染色（对照）并进行人工加速老化（AAA）。在基线（T0）和浸泡后 3.5 天（T1）和 7 天（T2）时使用分光光度计获得颜色测量值。对于 AAA，在暴露于 150 kJ/m²（T1）和 300 kJ/m²（T2）的受控辐照度下，在基线（T0）和之后获得测量值。计算 CIEDE2000 颜色差异（ΔE₀₀）、半透明度参数（TP₀₀）和半透明度参数的处理相关变化（ΔTP₀ ₀）的平均值和标准偏差。使用单向方差分析（α=0.05）测试材料和测试条件之间的差异。使用牙科中的视觉颜色差异阈值进一步解释结果ΔE₀₀=0.8 用于 50:50 可感知性阈值（PT）和ΔE₀₀=1.8 用于 50:50 可接受性阈值（AT）。使用 5058；50 TPT₀₀=0.6 和 50:0% TAT₀₀=2.6 解释 ΔTP₀₀ 值。
当暴露于不同的测试条件时，发现材料之间存在统计学上的显著差异。在 T0-T1 时间间隔内，除 CT 外，所有材料在葡萄酒（0.1-2.2）暴露下的颜色差异最大，CT 在 AAA 下显示出最高的 ΔE₀₀（2.5）。获得的第二高颜色差异是在 AAA（0.2-2.5）和茶（0.5-1.1）暴露下获得的。TP₀₀在基线时范围为 5.1 到 9.8。在所测试的材料和染色/老化条件之间发现了 ΔTP₀₀ 的显著差异，但在染色/老化间隔（T0-T1、T0-T2 和 T1-T2）之间未发现显著差异。
用于最终修复的 3D 打印和铣削树脂改性陶瓷的染色和人工老化依赖性变化可能会导致修复体的可接受性或不满意。染色和老化条件产生了显著的颜色变化，而半透明度变化不显著。
