Dubé S, Jones D A, Bell J, Davies A, Ross E, Sitaram N
Psychiatry Res. 1986 Oct;19(2):119-33. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(86)90005-3.
Four groups of subjects were compared with respect to their clinical and demographic status and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics, namely: primary major depressive disorder (PRI MDD); panic disorder (Panic); "Mixed" group comprising patients meeting full syndromal criteria for MDD and panic occurring concomitantly; and normal controls. The "Mixed" (MDD + Panic) patients were characterized by earlier age of onset of psychiatric illness, longer duration of current episode, greater intensity of symptoms, higher impairment of functioning, increased miscellaneous psychopathology, and greater objective stress and anger. With respect to sleep EEG variables, PRI MDD patients were clearly different from the other three groups. The sleep profile of the "Mixed" group occupies an intermediate position between the "pure" Panic and MDD groups. Classification of the "Mixed" patients based on the discriminant function coefficients of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and sleep analysis of the "pure" groups (PRI MDD and Panic) reveals that some patients are classified as true PRI MDD while others are classified as falling somewhere along the PRI-MDD/Panic spectrum. The separation of the PRI MDD from Panic and Normals, however, is clear, suggesting that sleep can be successfully used as a physiological marker in the separation of these conditions.
对四组受试者的临床和人口统计学状况以及脑电图（EEG）特征进行了比较，这四组分别是：原发性重度抑郁症（PRI MDD）；惊恐障碍（Panic）；“混合”组，包括符合重度抑郁症完全综合征标准且同时伴有惊恐发作的患者；以及正常对照组。“混合”（MDD + Panic）组患者的特点是精神疾病发病年龄较早、当前发作持续时间较长、症状强度较大、功能损害较严重、其他精神病理学表现增加以及客观压力和愤怒情绪更强烈。在睡眠EEG变量方面，PRI MDD患者与其他三组明显不同。“混合”组的睡眠特征处于“单纯”惊恐障碍组和重度抑郁症组之间的中间位置。根据情感障碍和精神分裂症评定量表的判别函数系数以及“单纯”组（PRI MDD和Panic）的睡眠分析对“混合”组患者进行分类，结果显示一些患者被归类为真正的PRI MDD，而另一些患者则被归类为处于PRI-MDD/惊恐障碍谱系中的某个位置。然而，PRI MDD与惊恐障碍组和正常对照组之间的区分是明显的，这表明睡眠可以成功地用作区分这些病症的生理标志物。
