Anicura-Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Vet Dermatol. 2024 Apr;35(2):126-137. doi: 10.1111/vde.13212. Epub 2023 Oct 22.
A combination of dermoscopic and histological findings may provide useful information for the diagnosis of hair follicle diseases. However, there are no studies on dermoscopic-histopathological correlations in dogs affected by alopecia X, and comparison of longitudinal versus transversal sectioning of skin biopsy specimens in the assessment of this hair loss disorder has not been thoroughly investigated.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to correlate dermoscopic and histological features using both longitudinal and transversal sectioning of skin biopsy samples to gain additional information for the diagnosis of alopecia X.
Nineteen Pomeranian dogs affected by alopecia X and five healthy Pomeranians as controls.
Dermoscopic-histological correlation was performed within the diseased group, whereas histological comparisons against controls. The demographic and clinical characteristics also were related to the histological findings.
The dermoscopic findings revealed scattered, thinned, short hairs mixed with amorphous keratoseborrhoeic-like material (follicular plugging), perifollicular and intrafollicular scaling, and hyperpigmentation varying from pinpoint black spots to a diffuse texture. Dermoscopic findings correlated with histological findings for selected qualitative and quantitative findings. The usefulness of transversal sections was demonstrated in accurately determining the hair follicular density and counts, growth arrest phases and in identifying mineralisation of hair follicle basement membrane when compared to the longitudinal. Conversely, no correlations between histological findings and demographic and clinical characteristics were detected.
These data provide evidence of the usefulness of dermoscopic evaluation as an accessory diagnostic tool and of transversal sections of skin biopsies as complementary to the diagnosis of alopecia X.
皮肤镜和组织学检查结果的结合可能为毛囊疾病的诊断提供有用的信息。然而，目前尚无关于 X 型脱发犬的皮肤镜-组织病理学相关性的研究，并且对于评估这种脱发疾病时，皮肤活检标本的纵向与横向切片之间的比较尚未得到深入研究。
假设/目的：本研究旨在通过皮肤活检标本的纵向和横向切片来关联皮肤镜和组织学特征，以获得更多关于 X 型脱发的诊断信息。
19 只患有 X 型脱发的博美犬和 5 只健康的博美犬作为对照组。
在患病组内进行皮肤镜-组织学相关性研究，同时与对照组进行组织学比较。还将人口统计学和临床特征与组织学发现相关联。
皮肤镜检查结果显示，散在、变薄、短的毛发与无定形的角蛋白皮脂样物质（毛囊堵塞）、毛囊周围和滤泡内鳞屑以及从针尖状黑斑到弥漫性纹理的色素沉着混合存在。皮肤镜检查结果与选定的定性和定量发现的组织学发现相关。与纵向切片相比，横向切片在准确确定毛囊密度和计数、生长停滞阶段以及识别毛囊基底膜的矿化方面具有更大的作用。相反，未发现组织学发现与人口统计学和临床特征之间存在相关性。
这些数据为皮肤镜评估作为辅助诊断工具的有用性以及皮肤活检的横向切片作为 X 型脱发诊断的补充提供了证据。
