Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, P C-311, Oman.
Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, P C-311, Oman.
Chemosphere. 2023 Dec;345:140471. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140471. Epub 2023 Oct 21.
The rapid consumption of metals and unorganized disposal have led to unprecedented increases in heavy metal ion concentrations in the ecosystem, which disrupts environmental homeostasis and results in agricultural biodiversity loss. Mitigation and remediation plans for heavy metal pollution are largely dependent on the discovery of cost-effective, biocompatible, specific, and robust detectors because conventional methods involve sophisticated electronics and sample preparation procedures. Carbon dots (CDs) have gained significant importance in sensing applications related to environmental sustainability. Fluorescence sensor applications have been enhanced by their distinctive spectral properties and the potential for developing efficient photonic devices. With the recent development of biomass-functionalized carbon dots, a wide spectrum of multivalent and bivalent transition metal ions responsible for water quality degradation can be detected with high efficiency and minimal toxicity. This review explores the various methods of manufacturing carbon dots and the biochemical mechanisms involved in metal detection using green carbon dots for sensing applications involving Cu (II), Fe (III), Hg (II), and Cr (VI) ions in aqueous systems. A detailed discussion of practical challenges and future recommendations is presented to identify feasible design routes.
金属的快速消耗和无组织的处置导致生态系统中重金属离子浓度的空前增加，破坏了环境的内稳态，导致农业生物多样性的丧失。重金属污染的缓解和修复计划在很大程度上取决于发现具有成本效益、生物相容性、特异性和稳健性的探测器，因为传统方法涉及复杂的电子和样品制备程序。碳点 (CDs) 在与环境可持续性相关的传感应用中具有重要意义。其独特的光谱特性和开发高效光子器件的潜力增强了荧光传感器的应用。随着生物质功能化碳点的最新发展，可以高效、低毒地检测到多种多价和二价过渡金属离子，这些离子是导致水质下降的原因。本综述探讨了制造碳点的各种方法以及使用绿色碳点进行金属检测的生化机制，涉及到在水系统中检测 Cu(II)、Fe(III)、Hg(II) 和 Cr(VI) 离子的传感应用。详细讨论了实际挑战和未来建议，以确定可行的设计途径。
