Bratisl Lek Listy. 2023;124(11):856-861. doi: 10.4149/BLL_2023_132.
The aim of this study is to identify the influence of factors that determine the refusal of influenza vaccine among three subjects groups.
A survey was conducted amongst three high‑risk groups in years 2018-2019 (Moscow, Russia). The survey involved 1,620 parents and pregnant women (group 1), 324 doctors (group 2) and 433 students (group 3). The analysis revealed a poor vaccine uptake among respondents of all three groups.
According to the survey results, only 22.2 % of children and 13.8 % of adults were vaccinated against influenza. The group 2 showed higher rates for vaccinated adults and children, namely 36.7 % and 58.7 % , respectively. The lowest adherence to annual vaccinations was recorded in group 3 (only 17.3 %). There is also a negative correlation between adherence to vaccination and smoking -0.66), unhealthy diet -0.73), poor oral hygiene -0.61) as well as insufficient awareness of the need of influenza vaccine -0.81).
The general lack of vaccination awareness has a fundamental role in forming a negative attitude toward influenza vaccine. It is necessary to conduct research to promote vaccination against influenza to improve vaccine uptake among high‑risk groups, particularly in students (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 32).
本研究旨在确定三个研究对象群体中决定流感疫苗接种拒绝率的因素的影响。
在 2018-2019 年（俄罗斯莫斯科）对三个高危人群进行了调查。该调查涉及 1620 名父母和孕妇（第 1 组）、324 名医生（第 2 组）和 433 名学生（第 3 组）。分析显示，所有三组受访者的疫苗接种率都很低。
根据调查结果，只有 22.2%的儿童和 13.8%的成年人接种了流感疫苗。第 2 组的成年和儿童接种率较高，分别为 36.7%和 58.7%。第 3 组（仅为 17.3%）对年度接种的依从性最低。接种与吸烟（-0.66）、不良饮食（-0.73）、口腔卫生不良（-0.61）以及对流感疫苗需求的认识不足（-0.81）呈负相关。
普遍缺乏疫苗接种意识是形成对流感疫苗负面态度的根本原因。有必要开展研究，以促进流感疫苗接种，提高高危人群，特别是学生的疫苗接种率（表 1、图 1、参考文献 32）。
