Lian Xinyan, Fu Zongping, Chen Jingquan
School of Urban and Regional Science, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Rural Development Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, Chengdu, 610072, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Dec 15;348:119292. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119292. Epub 2023 Oct 22.
To urge nations worldwide to implement robust measures for enhancing human development and mitigating the pressures exerted on the planet by human activities in pursuit of sustainable development, this study encompasses 154 countries globally, using the seven major regions as focal points. Leveraging the Planetary Pressure Adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI) proposed by the United Nations Development Programme on December 15, 2020, as a metric for human development levels, this paper aims to standardize and internationally compare human development data from 1990 to 2021. Subsequently, employing the Theil index, the study assesses the global human development status across the seven regions to analyze spatial disparities in PHDI. Lastly, a comprehensive Generalized Diese Index Method (GDIM) is constructed to accurately reflect absolute and latent factors, dissecting the driving forces impacting global PHDI. The study explores critical pathways for high-quality human development within the harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. It validates the robustness of GDIM results through a stepwise regression. Research findings indicate varying levels of PHDI development across regions, with a distinct spatial hierarchy evolving: higher human development levels in Europe and Eastern Europe, favorable levels in North and South America, similar levels in Oceania and Asia, and significant improvement potential in Africa. As globalization progresses, overall differences in PHDI gradually decrease; however, disparities persist between and within regions. Economic, technological, and per capita welfare effects consistently positively drive PHDI. In contrast, environmental pressure effects, social effects, per capita value-added effects, and output carbon intensity effects consistently exert hostile driving forces. Population size effects on PHDI show a fluctuating trend. Moreover, in terms of cumulative contribution values, the top three contributors to driving forces are economic, technological, and per capita welfare effects.
为敦促世界各国采取有力措施，以促进人类发展并减轻人类活动对地球造成的压力，从而实现可持续发展，本研究以七个主要地区为重点，涵盖了全球154个国家。利用联合国开发计划署于2020年12月15日提出的行星压力调整人类发展指数（PHDI）作为衡量人类发展水平的指标，本文旨在对1990年至2021年的人类发展数据进行标准化和国际比较。随后，该研究采用泰尔指数评估七个地区的全球人类发展状况，以分析PHDI的空间差异。最后，构建了一种综合的广义迪氏指数方法（GDIM），以准确反映绝对因素和潜在因素，剖析影响全球PHDI的驱动力。该研究探索了在人与自然和谐共存的背景下实现高质量人类发展的关键途径。通过逐步回归验证了GDIM结果的稳健性。研究结果表明，各地区的PHDI发展水平各不相同，形成了明显的空间层次结构：欧洲和东欧的人类发展水平较高，北美和南美处于良好水平，大洋洲和亚洲水平相近，非洲则具有显著的提升潜力。随着全球化的推进，PHDI的总体差异逐渐减小；然而，地区之间和地区内部的差距仍然存在。经济、技术和人均福利效应始终对PHDI产生正向推动作用。相比之下，环境压力效应、社会效应、人均增加值效应和产出碳强度效应始终产生负面驱动力。人口规模对PHDI的影响呈现出波动趋势。此外，就累计贡献值而言，驱动力的前三大贡献因素是经济、技术和人均福利效应。
