Anand I S, Harris E, Ferrari R, Pearce P, Harris P
Thorax. 1986 Sep;41(9):696-700. doi: 10.1136/thx.41.9.696.
The pulmonary arterial pressure of Ladakhi yaks, at an altitude of about 4500m, was not significantly different from that found in yaks bred at low altitude. The pulmonary arterial resistance, however, was slightly but significantly increased in the high altitude group. It is concluded that the yak has adapted genetically to high altitude by largely eliminating the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response. The pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance were significantly higher in indigenous Himalayan cattle than in the yaks. The dzo (cow X yak) had pulmonary haemodynamics similar to those of the yak. Half of the stols (dzo X bull) had pulmonary haemodynamics similar to those of the yak, while in the other half the findings resembled those in the cow. The results suggest that the genetic attenuation of the hypoxic vasoconstrictor response is transmitted as a simple autosomal dominant.
在海拔约4500米的拉达克牦牛的肺动脉压，与在低海拔地区饲养的牦牛相比并无显著差异。然而，高海拔组的肺动脉阻力虽有轻微但显著的增加。得出的结论是，牦牛通过在很大程度上消除低氧性肺血管收缩反应，在基因上适应了高海拔环境。喜马拉雅本土牛的肺动脉压和阻力显著高于牦牛。犏牛（母牛×牦牛）的肺血流动力学与牦牛相似。一半的犏雄牛（犏牛×公牛）的肺血流动力学与牦牛相似，而另一半的结果则与母牛相似。结果表明，低氧性血管收缩反应的基因减弱以简单的常染色体显性方式遗传。
