ISEC Lisboa-Instituto de Educação e Ciência de Lisboa, 1750-179 Lisboa, Portugal.
Optics & Optometry Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain.
J Optom. 2024 Jan-Mar;17(1):100496. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2023.100496. Epub 2023 Oct 23.
This study analyses strategies and attitudes on myopia management reported by eye care practitioners (ECP) from Spain in 2022.
A questionnaire was distributed to ECPs worldwide via the internet through professional associations. The questionnaire was distributed by email to all registered Spanish optician-optometrists. Questions examined awareness of increasing myopia prevalence; perceived efficacy; uptake of available approaches; and reasons preventing further uptake of specific approaches.
Of 3,107 practitioners who participated in the study, 380 were Spanish ECPs. Using a 10-point scale, Spanish practitioners reported less concern about increasing pediatric myopia (8.3 ± 1.6) compared to ECP's worldwide (8.5 ± 1.9) (p < 0.001), but similar level of clinical activity in myopia control (7.8 ± 2.3 vs. 7.5 ± 2.5, respectively) (p > 0.05); however, around half of all prescribed treatments were single-vision distance spectacles/contact lenses both in Spain and in most regions, with Spanish practitioners prescribing less single-vision spectacles than African and Asian (p < 0.001), but more than Australasian practitioners (p = 0.04). No significant differences were found between Spain and the other regions in the perceived efficacy of combined therapy, orthokeratology, and outdoor time (p > 0.05), with the former being perceived as the most effective myopia control method followed by orthokeratology. No significant differences were found between Spain and the world's average in factors preventing the prescription of myopia control approaches (p > 0.05). Spanish practitioners reported that embracing myopia management has a positive, but lower impact on customer loyalty, practice revenue and job satisfaction compared with the other regions (all p < 0.001).
Myopia control is increasing, although around half of practitioners still prescribe single-vision distance spectacles/contact lenses to young/progressive myopes. Combined therapy followed by orthokeratology were perceived as the most effective treatments. Embracing myopia management improved patient loyalty and job satisfaction.
本研究分析了 2022 年西班牙眼科保健从业者（ECP）报告的近视管理策略和态度。
通过专业协会在互联网上向全球 ECP 分发问卷。问卷通过电子邮件分发给所有注册的西班牙验光师-配镜师。问题调查了对近视患病率增加的认识；认为有效的方法；对现有方法的接受程度；以及阻止特定方法进一步采用的原因。
在参与研究的 3107 名从业者中，有 380 名是西班牙 ECP。西班牙从业者报告对儿科近视增加的关注程度较低（8.3±1.6），而全球 ECP 报告的关注程度较高（8.5±1.9）（p<0.001），但在近视控制的临床活动水平方面相似（分别为 7.8±2.3 和 7.5±2.5）（p>0.05）；然而，在西班牙和大多数地区，所有处方治疗中约有一半是单视距眼镜/隐形眼镜，西班牙从业者开单视距眼镜的处方比非洲和亚洲的少（p<0.001），但比澳大拉西亚的多（p=0.04）。在联合疗法、角膜塑形术和户外活动时间的有效性方面，西班牙与其他地区之间没有发现显著差异（p>0.05），前者被认为是最有效的近视控制方法，其次是角膜塑形术。在阻止处方近视控制方法的因素方面，西班牙与世界平均水平之间没有发现显著差异（p>0.05）。西班牙从业者报告称，与其他地区相比，接受近视管理对客户忠诚度、实践收入和工作满意度的积极影响较低（均 p<0.001）。
尽管仍有近一半的从业者为进展性近视的年轻患者开单视距眼镜/隐形眼镜，但近视控制仍在增加。联合疗法加角膜塑形术被认为是最有效的治疗方法。接受近视管理提高了患者忠诚度和工作满意度。
