School of Food Science & Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
J Proteomics. 2024 Jan 6;290:105033. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105033. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
In order to better understand the mechanism of betaine accumulation in Lycium barbarum L. (LBL), we used iTRAQ (Isotope relative and absolute quantitative labeling) proteomics to screen and identify differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) at five stages (S1-young fruit stage, S2-green fruit stage, S3-early yellowing stage, S4-late yellowing stage, S5-ripening stage). A total of 1799 DAPs and 171 betaine-related DAPs were identified, and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (NMT), choline monooxygenase (CMO), and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) were found to be the key enzymes related to betaine metabolism. These proteins are mainly involved in carbohydrates, amino acids and their derivatives, fatty acids, carboxylic acids, photosynthesis and photoprotection, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, peroxisomes, and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. Three of the key enzymes were also up- and down-regulated to different degrees at the mRNA level. The study provide new insights into the of mechanism of betaine accumulation in LBL. SIGNIFICANCE: Betaine, a class of naturally occurring, water-soluble alkaloids, has been found to be widespread in animals, higher plants, and microbes. In addition to being an osmotic agent, betaine has biological functions such as hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, and antioxidant activity. Betaine metabolism (synthesis and catabolism) is complexly regulated by developmental and environmental signals throughout the life cycle of plant fruit maturation. As a betaine-accumulating plant, little has been reported about the regulatory mechanisms of betaine metabolism during the growth and development of Lycium barbarum L. (LBL) fruit. Therefore, this study used iTRAQ quantitative proteomics technology to investigate the abundance changes of betaine-related proteins in LBL fruit, screen and analyze the differential abundance proteins related to betaine metabolism, and provide theoretical references for the in-depth study of the mechanism of betaine metabolism in LBL fruit.
为了更好地理解枸杞（Lycium barbarum L.）中甜菜碱积累的机制，我们使用 iTRAQ（同位素相对和绝对定量标记）蛋白质组学在五个阶段（S1-幼果期、S2-绿果期、S3-早期黄化期、S4-晚期黄化期、S5-成熟阶段）筛选和鉴定差异丰度蛋白（DAP）。共鉴定出 1799 个 DAP 和 171 个与甜菜碱相关的 DAP，发现磷酸乙醇胺 N-甲基转移酶（NMT）、胆碱单加氧酶（CMO）和甜菜碱醛脱氢酶（BADH）是与甜菜碱代谢相关的关键酶。这些蛋白质主要参与碳水化合物、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂肪酸、羧酸、光合作用和光保护、异喹啉生物碱生物合成、过氧化物酶体以及甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢。其中 3 种关键酶在 mRNA 水平也被不同程度地上调或下调。该研究为枸杞中甜菜碱积累的机制提供了新的见解。意义：甜菜碱是一类天然存在的、水溶性的生物碱，已在动物、高等植物和微生物中广泛发现。除了作为渗透剂外，甜菜碱还具有保护肝脏、保护神经和抗氧化活性等生物学功能。甜菜碱代谢（合成和分解代谢）在植物果实成熟的整个生命周期中受到发育和环境信号的复杂调控。作为一种积累甜菜碱的植物，枸杞（Lycium barbarum L.）果实生长发育过程中甜菜碱代谢的调控机制报道较少。因此，本研究采用 iTRAQ 定量蛋白质组学技术研究枸杞果实中与甜菜碱相关蛋白的丰度变化，筛选和分析与甜菜碱代谢相关的差异丰度蛋白，为深入研究枸杞果实中甜菜碱代谢的机制提供理论参考。
