Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
Department of Earth Systems Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2024 May;37(3):361-378. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2267454. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Trait mindfulness (TM) may protect against post-trauma mental health ailments and related impairment. Few studies have evaluated this association in the context of collective traumas using representative samples or longitudinal designs.
DESIGN/METHOD: We explored relationships between TM and collective trauma-related outcomes in a prospective, representative, probability-based sample of 1846 U.S. Gulf Coast residents repeatedly exposed to catastrophic hurricanes, assessed twice during the COVID-19 outbreak (Wave 1: 5/14/20-5/27/20; Wave 2: 12/21/21-1/11/22). Generalized estimating equations examined longitudinal relationships between TM, COVID-19-related fear/worry, hurricane-related fear/worry, global distress, and functional impairment; ordinary least squares regression analyses examined the cross-sectional association between TM and COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at Wave 1. Event-related stressor exposure was explored as a moderator.
In covariate-adjusted models including pre-event mental health ailments and demographics, TM was negatively associated with COVID-19-related fear/worry, hurricane-related fear/worry, global distress, and functional impairment over time; in cross-sectional analyses, TM was negatively associated with COVID-19-related PTSS. TM moderated the relationship between COVID-19 secondary stressor exposure (e.g., lost job/wages) and both global distress and functional impairment over time.
Results suggest TM may buffer adverse psychosocial outcomes following collective trauma, with some evidence TM may protect against negative effects of secondary stressor exposure.
背景/目的：特质正念（Trait mindfulness，TM）可能有助于预防创伤后心理健康问题和相关障碍。很少有研究使用代表性样本或纵向设计评估集体创伤背景下的这种关联。
设计/方法：我们在一个前瞻性、代表性、基于概率的美国墨西哥湾沿岸居民样本中探索了 TM 与集体创伤相关结果之间的关系，该样本反复暴露于灾难性飓风之中，在 COVID-19 疫情期间进行了两次评估（第 1 波：5/14/20-5/27/20；第 2 波：12/21/21-1/11/22）。广义估计方程检查了 TM 与 COVID-19 相关的恐惧/担忧、飓风相关的恐惧/担忧、全球痛苦和功能障碍之间的纵向关系；普通最小二乘回归分析检查了 TM 与第 1 波 COVID-19 相关创伤后应激症状（PTSS）之间的横断面关联。探讨了事件相关应激源暴露作为调节变量的作用。
在包含前事心理健康疾病和人口统计学的协变量调整模型中，TM 与 COVID-19 相关的恐惧/担忧、飓风相关的恐惧/担忧、全球痛苦和功能障碍呈负相关；在横断面分析中，TM 与 COVID-19 相关的 PTSS 呈负相关。TM 调节了 COVID-19 次生应激源暴露（例如，失业/工资损失）与全球痛苦和功能障碍之间的关系。
结果表明，TM 可能有助于预防集体创伤后的不良心理社会结果，有证据表明 TM 可能有助于预防次生应激源暴露的负面影响。
