Food Evolution Research Laboratory, School of Tourism and Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa.
Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Oct 23;20(20):6961. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20206961.
Urbanisation in South Africa has led to a nutritional transition from traditional diets (mainly based on indigenous foods) to a Western diet. Currently, the country is one of the most concerned about the prevalence of associated malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. One should, therefore, question the position of indigenous foods (IFs) in the population's eating habits since their nutritional and health value is known. This study aimed to collect updated data on South Africans' true awareness and consumption of indigenous foods, especially in the Gauteng region (the most urbanised province of the country). A quantitative cross-sectional research survey was conducted (n = 746). Among a list of 18 IFs, grain sorghum 32.4% (n = 242), marula 32% (n = 239), pearl millet 21.7% (n = 162), amadumbe 19.3% (n = 144) and cowpea 18.6% (n = 139) were the best known. However, the study noticed a maximum consumption of 19.3% (grain sorghum). Overall, this consumption was seasonal, and its level was significantly defined by race ( < 0.05). Black people consume more IFs compared to coloured people, Indian people and white people. Participants mostly consumed these foods for nutritional and health reasons and pointed out the problem of availability. "Poor image" was rated the lowest by all races (black 5.8%, coloured 4.2%, Indian 7.0% and white 4.1%) regarding the reasons for no or low consumption of IFs. Whatever the race, the desire to increase IF consumption was positive. The promotion of their integration into South African diets should, therefore, be considered as an intervention strategy.
南非的城市化导致了从传统饮食（主要基于本土食物）向西方饮食的营养转变。目前，该国是最关注相关营养不良和非传染性疾病流行的国家之一。因此，人们应该质疑本土食物（IFs）在人们饮食习惯中的地位，因为它们的营养和健康价值是已知的。本研究旨在收集关于南非人对本土食物真实认知和消费的最新数据，特别是在豪登省（该国城市化程度最高的省份）。进行了一项定量横断面研究调查（n = 746）。在列出的 18 种 IF 中，高粱 32.4%（n = 242）、马鲁拉 32%（n = 239）、珍珠粟 21.7%（n = 162）、amadumbe 19.3%（n = 144）和豇豆 18.6%（n = 139）是最知名的。然而，研究注意到最高的消费率为 19.3%（高粱）。总体而言，这种消费是季节性的，其水平因种族而异（<0.05）。与有色人种、印度裔和白人相比，黑人食用更多的 IFs。参与者主要出于营养和健康原因食用这些食物，并指出了可用性问题。“形象不佳”是所有种族（黑人 5.8%、有色人种 4.2%、印度裔 7.0%和白人 4.1%）认为不食用或很少食用 IFs 的最低原因。无论种族如何，增加 IF 消费的愿望都是积极的。因此，应考虑将其纳入南非饮食作为一种干预策略。
