Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
Clin Exp Med. 2023 Dec;23(8):4091-4105. doi: 10.1007/s10238-023-01218-7. Epub 2023 Oct 27.
Due to the suboptimal therapeutic efficacy and potential adverse effects associated with traditional immunosuppressive medications, there has been an increasing emphasis on the development and utilization of immunotherapies. This paper aims to provide clinicians with valuable insights for selecting appropriate therapeutic approaches and contribute to the development of novel immunotherapeutic drugs.
This paper categorizes the immunotherapeutic drugs that are used for the treatment of immune-mediated glomerular diseases into three groups: immunotherapies targeting antigen-presenting cells (anti-CD80), immunotherapies targeting T/B cells (anti-CD20, anti-CD22, BAFF and APRIL inhibitors, CD40-CD40L inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, Syk inhibitors, and Btk inhibitors), and immunotherapies targeting the complement system (C5 inhibitors, C5a/C5aR inhibitors, C3 inhibitors, MASP2 inhibitors, factor B inhibitors, and factor D inhibitors). The article then provides a comprehensive overview of advances related to these immunotherapeutic drugs in clinical research.
Certain immunotherapeutic drugs, such as rituximab, belimumab, and eculizumab, have exhibited notable efficacy in treating specific immune-mediated glomerular diseases, thereby providing novel therapeutic approaches for patients. Nonetheless, the efficacy of numerous immunotherapeutic drugs remains to be substantiated.
由于传统免疫抑制药物的治疗效果不理想且存在潜在的不良反应，因此越来越重视免疫疗法的开发和利用。本文旨在为临床医生提供选择合适治疗方法的有价值的见解，并为新型免疫治疗药物的发展做出贡献。
本文将用于治疗免疫介导性肾小球疾病的免疫治疗药物分为三类：针对抗原呈递细胞的免疫疗法（抗 CD80）、针对 T/B 细胞的免疫疗法（抗 CD20、抗 CD22、BAFF 和 APRIL 抑制剂、CD40-CD40L 抑制剂、蛋白酶体抑制剂、Syk 抑制剂和 Btk 抑制剂）以及针对补体系统的免疫疗法（C5 抑制剂、C5a/C5aR 抑制剂、C3 抑制剂、MASP2 抑制剂、因子 B 抑制剂和因子 D 抑制剂）。然后，本文全面概述了这些免疫治疗药物在临床研究中的进展。
某些免疫治疗药物，如利妥昔单抗、贝利尤单抗和依库珠单抗，在治疗特定的免疫介导性肾小球疾病方面显示出显著的疗效，为患者提供了新的治疗方法。然而，许多免疫治疗药物的疗效仍有待证实。
