Alito Angelo, Portaro Simona, Leonardi Giulia, Ventimiglia Carlotta, Bonanno Francesco, Fenga Domenico, Sconza Cristiano, Tisano Adriana
Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Physical Rehabilitation Medicine Department, University Hospital A.O.U. "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Oct 14;13(20):3213. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13203213.
Neurological disease patients present an increased risk of developing pressure ulcers. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers and their impact on length of stay and functional recovery.
A retrospective study was conducted in a neurorehabilitation unit over a seven-year period. Data collected include demographic data, length of stay, functional evaluation, risk of pressure ulcers development, nutritional status, and skin. Pressure ulcers were classified according to the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel System.
Data from 816 patients were analyzed. On admission, the authors found 236 pressure ulcers in 131 patients (about 16%), divided into stage I (25%), stage II (50%), and stage III-IV (25%). The most common sites were the heel (36%) and sacrum (29%). Among the risk factors for the development of pressure ulcers, malnutrition played a significant role, with approximately 76% of patients with pressure ulcers having mild to moderate malnutrition.
The presence of pressure ulcers seems to have a negative impact on the functional recovery of patients, as shown by the outcome scales and the average length of stay: 51 days versus 36 days ( < 0.01).
神经疾病患者发生压疮的风险增加。本研究的主要目的是评估压疮的发病率和患病率及其对住院时间和功能恢复的影响。
在一个神经康复单元进行了一项为期七年的回顾性研究。收集的数据包括人口统计学数据、住院时间、功能评估、发生压疮的风险、营养状况和皮肤情况。压疮根据欧洲压疮咨询小组系统进行分类。
分析了816例患者的数据。入院时，作者在131例患者中发现了236处压疮（约16%），分为I期（25%）、II期（50%）和III-IV期（25%）。最常见的部位是足跟（36%）和骶骨（29%）。在压疮发生的危险因素中，营养不良起了重要作用，约76%的压疮患者有轻度至中度营养不良。
如结果量表和平均住院时间所示，压疮的存在似乎对患者的功能恢复有负面影响：51天对36天（<0.01）。
