Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore.
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Nutrients. 2023 Oct 18;15(20):4421. doi: 10.3390/nu15204421.
We examined the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, and gestational and type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and post-pregnancy in GUSTO women. Plasma carotenoid and E vitamer concentrations were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis was used to derive the patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2 h glucose levels and fasting insulin were measured at 26-28 weeks gestation and 4-6 years post-pregnancy, with the derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In 678 women, two carotenoid patterns (CP1: α- and β-carotene and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one E vitamer pattern (VE: γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose (β (95%CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) mmol/L) and lower gestational (-0.17 (-0.82, 0.01) mmol/L, = 0.06) and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR (-0.11 (-0.15, -0.08) mmol/L). A higher VE score (1 SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2 h glucose (gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L). Higher α- and β-carotene and lutein may be beneficial for gestational fasting glycemia, but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia, although these findings require confirmation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins.
我们研究了围产期血浆类胡萝卜素和 E 生育酚浓度与血糖、胰岛素抵抗以及妊娠和产后期间妊娠 2 型糖尿病的关系。在分娩时测量血浆类胡萝卜素和 E 生育酚浓度，并使用主成分分析得出其浓度模式。在妊娠 26-28 周和产后 4-6 年时测量空腹和 2 小时血糖水平以及空腹胰岛素，并推导胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）。在 678 名女性中，得出了两种类胡萝卜素模式（CP1：α-和β-胡萝卜素以及叶黄素；CP2：玉米黄质、番茄红素和β-隐黄质）和一种 E 生育酚模式（VE：γ-、δ-和α-生育酚）。CP1 评分（1-SD）较高与较低的妊娠空腹血糖（β（95%CI）：-0.06（-0.10，-0.02）mmol/L）和较低的妊娠（-0.17（-0.82，0.01）mmol/L， = 0.06）和产后 HOMA-IR（-0.11（-0.15，-0.08）mmol/L）相关。VE 评分（1-SD）较高与较高的妊娠和产后空腹和 2 小时血糖相关（妊娠：0.05（0.01，0.08）和 0.08（0.01，0.16）mmol/L；产后：0.19（0.07，0.31）和 0.24（0.06，0.42）mmol/L）。较高的α-、β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素可能有益于妊娠空腹血糖，但较高的维生素 E 可能增加妊娠和产后血糖，尽管这些发现需要在具有这些维生素的前瞻性纵向测量的队列中得到证实。
