Gutiérrez-Sánchez Belén, Orgeta Vasiliki, López-Martínez Catalina, Del-Pino-Casado Rafael
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23700 Jaén, Spain.
Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London W1T 7BN, UK.
J Clin Med. 2023 Oct 11;12(20):6468. doi: 10.3390/jcm12206468.
Social support is an important determinant of a carer's mental health. In recent decades, despite many studies reporting on the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in informal caregivers of adult and older dependents, there are no systematic reviews synthesizing the available evidence. The purpose of the present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in informal caregivers of adults and older dependent people. We searched PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (ProQuest), and Scopus, up to 15 January 2023 for studies. We applied no date or language limits to our search. A random-effects model was used to pool effect estimates. The included studies were also independently assessed for quality. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots, Egger's regression test, and the Trim and Fill method. Ninety-three studies were included in the review, reporting on a total of 15,431 informal caregivers. We found a moderate negative association between perceived social support and caregiver depressive symptoms (78 studies; r = -0.35, 95% CI = -0.39, -0.31; low heterogeneity and low risk of publications bias) and a small negative association between received social support and caregiver self-reported depressive symptoms (12 studies; r = -0.14, 95% CI = -0.20, -0.07; low heterogeneity and low risk of publications bias). Our results indicate that social support is a clinically relevant construct for carer well-being and an important protective factor for depressive symptoms in informal caregivers of adult and older dependents.
社会支持是照顾者心理健康的一个重要决定因素。近几十年来，尽管有许多研究报告了社会支持与成年及老年受抚养者非正式照顾者抑郁症状之间的关系，但尚无系统综述综合现有证据。本研究的目的是对成年及老年受抚养者非正式照顾者的社会支持与抑郁症状之间的关系进行系统综述和荟萃分析。我们检索了截至2023年1月15日的PubMed、CINAHL（EBSCO）、PsycINFO（ProQuest）和Scopus数据库中的研究。我们的检索没有日期或语言限制。采用随机效应模型合并效应估计值。对纳入的研究也进行了独立的质量评估。通过漏斗图、Egger回归检验和Trim and Fill方法评估发表偏倚。该综述纳入了93项研究，共涉及15431名非正式照顾者。我们发现，感知到的社会支持与照顾者抑郁症状之间存在中度负相关（78项研究；r = -0.35，95%CI = -0.39，-0.31；异质性低，发表偏倚风险低），而获得的社会支持与照顾者自我报告的抑郁症状之间存在小的负相关（12项研究；r = -0.14，95%CI = -0.20，-0.07；异质性低，发表偏倚风险低）。我们的结果表明，社会支持是照顾者幸福感的一个临床相关概念，也是成年及老年受抚养者非正式照顾者抑郁症状的一个重要保护因素。
