Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Vision Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddence Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Oct 19;59(10):1862. doi: 10.3390/medicina59101862.
Tamarind-seed polysaccharide (TSP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have mucoadhesive properties that improve drug absorption and delay in drug elimination from the ocular surface. We aimed to evaluate TSP/HA-containing formulation for its efficiency in dry-eye symptoms induced by adverse environments and the interaction between mucomimic polymer and tear-film parameters. The participants were exposed to 5% relative humidity (RH) in a Controlled Environment Chamber (CEC) under constant room temperature (21 °C). Tear-film parameters were assessed at 40% RH and 5% RH. Rohto Dry Eye Relief drops were used in the two treatment modalities, protection (drops instilled before exposure to the dry environment) and relief (drops instilled after exposure to the dry environment). The HIRCAL grid, Servomed EP3 Evaporimeter, and Keeler's TearScope-Plus were used to screen for non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), tear evaporation rate, and lipid-layer thickness (LLT) using protection and relief treatment methodology. LLT was found to be significantly thinner at 5% RH compared with at 40% RH ( = 0.007). The median LLT dropped from 50-70 nm (grade 3) at 40% RH to 10-50 nm (grade 2) at 5% RH. TSP/HA eye drops significantly augment LLT in both treatment modalities, protection ( = 0.01) and relief ( = 0.004) at 5% RH. The mean evaporation rate doubled from 40.93 at 40% RH to 82.42 g/m/h after exposure to 5% RH. In protection mode, the TSP/HA allowed the average evaporation rate to be much lower than when no TSP/HA was used at 5% RH ( < 0.008). No alteration in evaporation rate was recorded when the TSP/HA drop was used after exposure (relief). The mean NITBUT was reduced from 13 s in normal conditions to 6 s in the dry environment. Instillation of TSP/HA eye drops resulted in significant improvement ( = 0.006) in tear stability, where the NITBUT increased to 8 s in both protection (before exposure) and relief (after exposure) ( = 0.001). Although improved, these values were still significantly lower than NITBUT observed at 40% RH. Significant protection of tear-film parameters was recorded post instillation of TSP/HA eye drop under a desiccating environment. Both treatment methods (protection and relief) were shown to be effective. The presence of TSP/HA enhances the effectiveness of teardrops in protecting the tear-film parameters when exposed to adverse environments.
罗望子多糖（TSP）和透明质酸（HA）具有黏膜黏附特性，可提高药物吸收并延缓药物从眼表面消除。我们旨在评估含有 TSP/HA 的制剂在由不利环境引起的干眼症症状方面的功效，以及模拟黏液聚合物与泪膜参数之间的相互作用。
参与者在恒定室温（21°C）下的受控环境室（CEC）中暴露于 5%相对湿度（RH）下。在 40%RH 和 5%RH 下评估泪膜参数。在两种治疗方式中都使用乐敦干眼舒缓滴眼液，即保护（在暴露于干燥环境之前滴注）和缓解（在暴露于干燥环境之后滴注）。使用 HIRCAL 网格、Servomed EP3 蒸发计和 Keeler 的 TearScope-Plus 筛查非侵入性泪膜破裂时间（NITBUT）、泪液蒸发率和脂质层厚度（LLT），使用保护和缓解治疗方法。发现 LLT 在 5%RH 时明显比在 40%RH 时薄（ = 0.007）。LLT 从中度 50-70nm（等级 3）降至 10-50nm（等级 2）。TSP/HA 滴眼液在 5%RH 下的两种治疗方式（保护和缓解）中均显著增加了 LLT（ = 0.01 和 = 0.004）。暴露于 5%RH 后，蒸发率从 40.93 倍增加到 82.42g/m/h。在保护模式下，与未使用 TSP/HA 时相比，TSP/HA 使平均蒸发率在 5%RH 下低得多（ < 0.008）。暴露后使用 TSP/HA 滴剂后，蒸发率没有变化（缓解）。NITBUT 平均值从正常条件下的 13s 降至干燥环境下的 6s。滴注 TSP/HA 滴眼液后，泪液稳定性显著改善（ = 0.006），保护（暴露前）和缓解（暴露后）时的 NITBUT 增加到 8s（ = 0.001）。尽管有所改善，但这些值仍明显低于 40%RH 下观察到的 NITBUT。
在干燥环境下滴注 TSP/HA 滴眼液后，观察到泪膜参数的显著保护。两种治疗方法（保护和缓解）均有效。在暴露于不利环境时，TSP/HA 的存在增强了泪液滴对泪膜参数的保护作用。
