Salgado Pardo José Ignacio, Navas González Francisco Javier, González Ariza Antonio, León Jurado José Manuel, Galán Luque Inés, Delgado Bermejo Juan Vicente, Camacho Vallejo María Esperanza
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Agropecuary Provincial Centre, Diputación Provincial de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Foods. 2023 Oct 19;12(20):3828. doi: 10.3390/foods12203828.
The present research aimed to determine the main differences in meat and carcass quality traits among turkey genotypes worldwide and describe the clustering patterns through the use of a discriminant canonical analysis (DCA). To achieve this goal, a comprehensive meta-analysis of 75 documents discussing carcass and meat characteristics in the turkey species was performed. Meat and carcass attributes of nine different turkey populations were collected and grouped in terms of the following clusters: carcass dressing traits, muscle fiber properties, pH, color-related traits, water-retaining characteristics, texture-related traits, and meat chemical composition. The Bayesian ANOVA analysis reported that the majority of variables statistically differed ( < 0.05), and the multicollinearity analysis revealed the absence of redundancy problems among variables (VIF < 5). The DCA reported that cold carcass weight, slaughter weight, sex-male, carcass/piece weight, and the protein and fat composition of meat were the traits explaining variability among different turkey genotypes (Wilks' lambda: 0.488, 0.590, 0.905, 0.906, 0.937, and 0.944, respectively). The combination of traits in the first three dimensions explained 94.93% variability among groups. Mahalanobis distances cladogram-grouped populations following a cluster pattern and suggest its applicability as indicative of a turkey genotype's traceability.
本研究旨在确定全球火鸡基因型在肉和胴体品质性状上的主要差异，并通过判别式典范分析（DCA）描述聚类模式。为实现这一目标，对75篇讨论火鸡物种胴体和肉特征的文献进行了全面的荟萃分析。收集了九个不同火鸡群体的肉和胴体属性，并按照以下类别进行分组：胴体屠宰性状、肌纤维特性、pH值、颜色相关性状、保水特性、质地相关性状和肉的化学成分。贝叶斯方差分析表明，大多数变量在统计学上存在差异（<0.05），多重共线性分析显示变量之间不存在冗余问题（方差膨胀因子<5）。判别式典范分析表明，冷胴体重、屠宰体重、雄性性别、胴体/切块重量以及肉的蛋白质和脂肪组成是解释不同火鸡基因型间变异性的性状（威尔克斯lambda值分别为：0.488、0.590、0.905、0.906、0.937和0.944）。前三维性状的组合解释了群体间94.93%的变异性。马氏距离聚类图按照聚类模式对群体进行了分组，并表明其可作为火鸡基因型可追溯性的指标。
