Malamud D R, Borralho L M, Panek A D, Mattoon J R
J Bacteriol. 1979 Jun;138(3):799-804. doi: 10.1128/jb.138.3.799-804.1979.
Levulinic acid, a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, was used to inhibit cytochrome biosynthesis in growing yeast cells. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the antimetabolite acts by inhibiting delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in vivo, causing an accumulation of intracellular delta-aminolevulinic acid and simultaneous decreases in all classes of mitochondrial cytochromes. Changes in cellular cytochrome content with increasing levulinic acid concentration suggested the existence of different regulatory patterns in S. cerevisiae and Candida utilis. In C. utilis, cytochrome a.a3 formation is very resistant to the antimetabolite action of levulinic acid. In this aerobic yeast, cytochrome c+c1 is the most sensitive to levulinic acid, and cytochrome b exhibits intermediate sensitivity.
乙酰丙酸是δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶的竞争性抑制剂，被用于抑制生长中的酵母细胞的细胞色素生物合成。在酿酒酵母中，这种抗代谢物通过在体内抑制δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶起作用，导致细胞内δ-氨基乙酰丙酸积累，同时所有种类的线粒体细胞色素减少。随着乙酰丙酸浓度增加，细胞色素含量的变化表明酿酒酵母和产朊假丝酵母存在不同的调控模式。在产朊假丝酵母中，细胞色素a.a3的形成对乙酰丙酸的抗代谢物作用非常有抗性。在这种需氧酵母中，细胞色素c+c1对乙酰丙酸最敏感，细胞色素b表现出中等敏感性。
