Tantrawatpan Chairat, Maleewong Wanchai, Thanchomnang Tongjit, Pilap Warayutt, Agatsuma Takeshi, Andrews Ross H, Sithithaworn Paiboon, Saijuntha Weerachai
Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Khlong Nueng 12120, Thailand.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 13;13(20):3200. doi: 10.3390/ani13203200.
Opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis are prevalent in Southeast and Far-East Asia, which are caused by the group 1 carcinogenic liver flukes sensu lato and infection. There have been comprehensive investigations of systematics and genetic variation of these liver flukes. Previous studies have shown that is a species complex, called " sensu lato". More comprehensive investigations of molecular systematics and population genetics of each of the species that make up the species complex are required. Thus, other polymorphic genetic markers need to be developed. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the intron regions of taurocyamine kinase gene (TK) to examine the genetic variation and population genetics of and collected from different geographical isolates and from a range of animal hosts. We screened seven intron regions embedded in TK. Of these, we selected an intron 5 of domain 1 (TkD1Int5) region to investigate the genetic variation and population genetics of theses liver flukes. The high nucleotide and haplotype diversity of TkD1Int5 was detected in . Heterozygosity with several insertion/deletion (indel) regions were detected in TkD1Int5 of the samples, whereas only an indel nucleotide was detected in one sample. Several samples contained three different haplotypes within a particular heterozygous sample. There were no genetic differences between isolated from various animal host. Heterozygous patterns specifically detected in humans was observed in . Thus, TkD1Int5 is a high polymorphic genetic marker, which could be an alternative marker for further population genetic investigations of these carcinogenic liver flukes and other related species from a wide geographical distribution and variety of animal hosts.
后睾吸虫病和华支睾吸虫病在东南亚和远东地区流行，它们由1类致癌肝吸虫广义分类群引起并导致感染。此前已对这些肝吸虫的系统发育和遗传变异进行了全面研究。先前的研究表明， 是一个物种复合体，称为“广义分类群”。需要对构成该物种复合体的每个物种进行更全面的分子系统发育和群体遗传学研究。因此，需要开发其他多态性遗传标记。因此，本研究旨在对牛磺酸胺激酶基因（TK）的内含子区域进行特征分析，以研究从不同地理隔离种群和一系列动物宿主中收集的 和 的遗传变异及群体遗传学。我们筛选了嵌入TK的7个内含子区域。其中，我们选择了结构域1的内含子5（TkD1Int5）区域来研究这些肝吸虫的遗传变异和群体遗传学。在 中检测到TkD1Int5的高核苷酸和单倍型多样性。在 的TkD1Int5中检测到具有多个插入/缺失（indel）区域的杂合性，而在一个 样本中仅检测到一个indel核苷酸。几个 样本在一个特定的杂合样本中包含三种不同的单倍型。从各种动物宿主分离出的 之间没有遗传差异。在 中观察到在人类中特异性检测到的杂合模式。因此，TkD1Int5是一种高度多态的遗传标记，可作为进一步对这些致癌肝吸虫以及来自广泛地理分布和多种动物宿主的其他相关物种进行群体遗传学研究的替代标记。
