Covas Cláudia, Figueiredo Gonçalo, Gomes Margarida, Santos Tiago, Mendo Sónia, Caetano Tânia S
CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Microorganisms. 2023 Sep 29;11(10):2445. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11102445.
Secondary metabolites (SMs) from environmental bacteria offer viable solutions for various health and environmental challenges. Researchers are employing advanced bioinformatic tools to investigate less-explored microorganisms and unearth novel bioactive compounds. In this research area, our understanding of SMs from environmental Gram-negative bacteria lags behind that of its Gram-positive counterparts. In this regard, spp. have recently gained attention, not only for their role as plant growth promoters but also for their potential in producing antimicrobials. This study focuses on the genomic analysis of spp. to unveil the diversity of the SMs encoded in their genomes. Among the 41 genomes analyzed, a total of 233 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified, revealing the potential for the production of diverse SMs, including RiPPs (27%), terpenes (22%), hybrid SMs (17%), PKs (12%), NRPs (9%) and siderophores (6%). Overall, BGC distribution did not correlate with phylogenetic lineage and most of the BGCs showed no significant hits in the MIBiG database, emphasizing the uniqueness of the compounds that spp. can produce. Of all the species examined, and stood out for having the highest number and diversity of BGCs. Focusing on their applicability and ecological functions, we investigated in greater detail the BGCs responsible for siderophore and terpenoid production in these species and their relatives. Our findings suggest that and have the potential to produce novel mixtures of siderophores, involving bifunctional IucAC/AcD NIS synthetases, as well as carotenoids and squalene. This study highlights the biotechnological potential of spp. in medicine, agriculture and other industries, emphasizing the need for a continued exploration of its SMs and their applications.
环境细菌产生的次生代谢产物（SMs）为应对各种健康和环境挑战提供了可行的解决方案。研究人员正在使用先进的生物信息学工具来研究探索较少的微生物，并挖掘新型生物活性化合物。在这个研究领域，我们对环境革兰氏阴性菌产生的SMs的了解落后于革兰氏阳性菌。在这方面，[具体菌属]最近受到了关注，不仅因为它们作为植物生长促进剂的作用，还因为它们在生产抗菌剂方面的潜力。本研究聚焦于[具体菌属]的基因组分析，以揭示其基因组中编码的SMs的多样性。在分析的41个基因组中，总共鉴定出233个生物合成基因簇（BGCs），揭示了产生多种SMs的潜力，包括核糖体合成和翻译后修饰的肽类（RiPPs，27%）、萜类化合物（22%）、杂合SMs（17%）、聚酮化合物（PKs，12%）、非核糖体肽（NRPs，9%）和铁载体（6%）。总体而言，BGC的分布与系统发育谱系无关，并且大多数BGC在MIBiG数据库中没有显著匹配，这凸显了[具体菌属]能够产生的化合物的独特性。在所研究的所有物种中，[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]的BGC数量和多样性最高。着眼于它们的适用性和生态功能，我们更详细地研究了这些物种及其亲缘物种中负责铁载体和萜类化合物生产的BGC。我们的研究结果表明，[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]有可能产生新型的铁载体混合物，涉及双功能IucAC/AcD NIS合成酶，以及类胡萝卜素和角鲨烯。这项研究突出了[具体菌属]在医学、农业和其他行业的生物技术潜力，强调了持续探索其SMs及其应用的必要性。
