Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 17;24(20):15268. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015268.
Depression is a serious neuropsychiatric disease affecting an increasing number of people worldwide. Cognitive deficits (including inattention, poor memory, and decision-making difficulties) are common in the clinical picture of depression. Cognitive impairment has been hypothesized to be one of the most important components of major depressive disorder (MDD; referred to as clinical depression), although typical cognitive symptoms are less frequent in people with depression than in people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (BD; sometimes referred to as manic-depressive disorder). The importance of α-Klotho in the aging process has been well-documented. Growing evidence points to the role of α-Klotho in regulating other biological functions, including responses to oxidative stress and the modulation of synaptic plasticity. It has been proven that a Klotho deficit may contribute to the development of various nervous system pathologies, such as behavioral disorders or neurodegeneration. Given the growing evidence of the role of α-Klotho in depression and cognitive impairment, it is assumed that this protein may be a molecular link between them. Here, we provide a research review of the role of α-Klotho in depression and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we propose potential mechanisms (related to oxidative stress and glutamatergic transmission) that may be important in α-Klotho-mediated regulation of mental and cognitive function.
抑郁症是一种严重的神经精神疾病，影响着全球越来越多的人。认知缺陷（包括注意力不集中、记忆力差和决策困难）在抑郁症的临床症状中很常见。认知障碍被认为是重度抑郁症（MDD；也称为临床抑郁症）的最重要组成部分之一，尽管抑郁症患者的典型认知症状比精神分裂症或双相情感障碍（BD；有时称为躁郁症）患者少。α-Klotho 在衰老过程中的重要性已得到充分证明。越来越多的证据表明 α-Klotho 在调节其他生物功能中的作用，包括对氧化应激的反应和突触可塑性的调节。已经证明 Klotho 缺乏可能导致各种神经系统疾病的发展，例如行为障碍或神经退行性变。鉴于 α-Klotho 在抑郁症和认知障碍中的作用的证据越来越多，人们假设这种蛋白质可能是它们之间的分子联系。在这里，我们提供了对 α-Klotho 在抑郁症和认知障碍中的作用的研究综述。此外，我们提出了可能与氧化应激和谷氨酸能传递有关的潜在机制，这些机制在 α-Klotho 介导的精神和认知功能调节中可能很重要。
