Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Aug 1;310:369-376. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.153. Epub 2022 Apr 30.
Cognitive impairment has been acknowledged as a core clinical manifestation of bipolar disorder (BD) as well as major depressive disorder (MDD). Determining the prevalence and characteristics of cognitive impairment is important for clinical interventions. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of cognitive impairment based on the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) in both BD and MDD.
One hundred and forty-nine BD II depression, 147 MDD, and 124 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) underwent MCCB cognitive assessment. The prevalence of MCCB cognitive impairment and group difference comparisons were performed. Additionally, association analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance and clinical variables.
Compared to the HC group, both BD II depression and MDD groups had a significantly reduced performance for all MCCB cognitive domains (all p < 0.05). The numerical scores for visual learning were lower in the BD II depression group compared to the MDD group. 32.89% of the BD II depression patients had clinically significant impairment (>1.5 SD below the normal mean) in two or more MCCB domains compared to 23.13% for MDD patients.
A high percent of patients in the BD II depression and MDD group exhibited MCCB cognitive impairments with clinical significance. Cognitive impairments were more common in BD II depression patients compared to MDD patients, particularly for visual learning. These findings suggest that clinicians should be aware of the severe cognitive impairment in mood disorders and establish effective cognitive screening and intervention strategies.
认知障碍已被确认为双相情感障碍（BD）和重性抑郁障碍（MDD）的核心临床特征之一。确定认知障碍的患病率和特征对于临床干预至关重要。本研究通过使用测量和治疗研究改善精神分裂症共识认知成套测验（MCCB），调查了 BD 和 MDD 患者的认知障碍的患病率和特征。
149 例 BD II 抑郁患者、147 例 MDD 患者和 124 例年龄匹配的健康对照者（HC）接受了 MCCB 认知评估。比较了 MCCB 认知障碍的患病率和组间差异，并进行了关联分析，以探讨认知表现与临床变量之间的关系。
与 HC 组相比，BD II 抑郁组和 MDD 组在所有 MCCB 认知领域的表现均显著降低（均 P<0.05）。BD II 抑郁组的视觉学习数字评分低于 MDD 组。与 MDD 患者相比，BD II 抑郁患者中有 32.89%（2 个或以上 MCCB 域）存在 2 个或以上 MCCB 域的临床显著损害（>1.5 个标准差低于正常均值），而 MDD 患者为 23.13%。
BD II 抑郁和 MDD 组中有很高比例的患者存在具有临床意义的 MCCB 认知障碍。与 MDD 患者相比，BD II 抑郁患者的认知障碍更为常见，尤其是在视觉学习方面。这些发现表明，临床医生应意识到心境障碍患者存在严重的认知障碍，并制定有效的认知筛查和干预策略。
