Charnock J S, Abeywardena M Y, McLennan P L
Ann Nutr Metab. 1986;30(6):393-406. doi: 10.1159/000177221.
The fatty-acid composition of rat heart phospholipids was examined after long-term, i.e. more than 12 months, feeding of diets supplemented with n-6 fatty acids as sunflower seed oil (SSO), or n-3 fatty acids as tuna fish oil (TFO) which is a particularly rich source of docosahexenoic acid (DHA). Although some small changes occurred in the relative proportions of palmitic and stearic acids and in the ratio of total saturates to total unsaturates, the most important changes were in the relative proportions of 18:2 n-6 and 20:4 n-6 to 20:5 n-3 and 22:6 n-3. In general, the n-6/n-3 ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and diphosphatidyl glycerol (DPG) was altered in favour of the family of fatty acids administered, although the proportions of the individual long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which contributed to this ratio varied from one class of phospholipids to another. In cardiac PC and PE, feeding TFO supplements reduced the proportions of arachidonic acid (AA) and significantly elevated (p less than 0.01) the proportions of DHA but produced relatively little change in those of eicosapentenoic acid (EPA). In DPG, feeding TFO led to a significant increase in the proportion of AA as well as an increase in DHA. The level of EPA was relatively low in PC, PE and DPG even after TFO feeding and never reached comparable levels with that of either AA or DHA. Nevertheless the n-6/n-3 ratio in all these classes of major cardiac phospholipids was significantly reduced by feeding TFO compared to the SSO diet or the commercial rat chow (CC) reference group. In contrast to the reports of other workers who have studied the fatty-acid composition of platelet membranes after feeding various fish oil supplements, in the rat heart the major effect of tuna fish oil is an increase in the proportion of DHA rather than EPA in the cardiac phospholipids.
在长期（即超过12个月）给大鼠喂食添加了n-6脂肪酸（如葵花籽油，SSO）或n-3脂肪酸（如富含二十二碳六烯酸，DHA的金枪鱼鱼油，TFO）的日粮后，检测了大鼠心脏磷脂的脂肪酸组成。尽管棕榈酸和硬脂酸的相对比例以及总饱和脂肪酸与总不饱和脂肪酸的比例发生了一些小的变化，但最重要的变化是18:2 n-6和20:4 n-6与20:5 n-3和22:6 n-3的相对比例。一般来说，磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）和二磷脂酰甘油（DPG）的n-6/n-3比值发生了变化，有利于所给予的脂肪酸家族，尽管构成该比值的各个长链多不饱和脂肪酸的比例因磷脂种类不同而有所变化。在心脏PC和PE中，喂食TFO补充剂降低了花生四烯酸（AA）的比例，并显著提高了（p小于0.01）DHA的比例，但二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的比例变化相对较小。在DPG中，喂食TFO导致AA比例显著增加以及DHA增加。即使在喂食TFO后，PC、PE和DPG中的EPA水平相对较低，从未达到与AA或DHA相当的水平。然而，与SSO日粮或商业大鼠饲料（CC）参考组相比，喂食TFO显著降低了所有这些主要心脏磷脂类别的n-6/n-3比值。与其他研究喂食各种鱼油补充剂后血小板膜脂肪酸组成的工作者的报告相反，在大鼠心脏中，金枪鱼鱼油的主要作用是增加心脏磷脂中DHA的比例而非EPA的比例。
