Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Molina M T, Vázquez C M
Instituto de la Grasa y sus Derivados, Facultad de Farmacia, Sevilla, España.
Ann Nutr Metab. 1990;34(6):350-8. doi: 10.1159/000177609.
Comparative effects of feeding dietary linoleic (corn oil), oleic (olive oil), alpha-linolenic (soybean oil) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oil) on lipid content and fatty acid composition of major individual phospholipids of rat hearts were examined. Feeding different diets did not result in lipid accumulation in the heart. Total triglyceride, nonesterified fatty acid, cholesteryl ester and phospholipid levels of heart tissue were not affected by the type of dietary fatty acid. However, heart free cholesterol levels decreased in both animals fed the olive and the fish oil diets. The percentage of individual phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and cardiolipin (CL) did not modify by changes in the dietary fat composition. Heart tissue from animals fed on olive oil were enriched with 18:1 (n-9 + n-7) fatty acid in all phospholipid fractions. Animals fed corn oil contained higher proportions of 18:2 (n-6) for PC, PE and CL, and the ingestion of the soybean oil diet increased 18:2 (n-6) for PC and CL in the same proportion as the ingestion of the corn oil diet. The levels of 22:6 (n-3) were increased in the fish oil-fed group, accompanied by both a decrease in total (n-6) fatty acids and an increase in total (n-3) fatty acids in the three phospholipid fractions. The 20:5 (n-3) was only detected in these animals. These results show that olive oil is as effective as fish oil in reducing heart cholesterol content and support earlier works suggesting the role of fish oil in preventing cardiovascular disease.
研究了喂食膳食亚油酸（玉米油）、油酸（橄榄油）、α-亚麻酸（大豆油）和多不饱和脂肪酸（鱼油）对大鼠心脏主要单个磷脂的脂质含量和脂肪酸组成的比较影响。喂食不同饮食不会导致心脏脂质积累。心脏组织中的总甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸、胆固醇酯和磷脂水平不受膳食脂肪酸类型的影响。然而，喂食橄榄油和鱼油饮食的动物心脏游离胆固醇水平均下降。单个磷脂磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）和心磷脂（CL）的百分比不会因膳食脂肪组成的变化而改变。喂食橄榄油的动物心脏组织在所有磷脂组分中富含18:1（n-9 + n-7）脂肪酸。喂食玉米油的动物PC、PE和CL中18:2（n-6）的比例更高，摄入大豆油饮食使PC和CL中的18:2（n-6）增加，与摄入玉米油饮食的比例相同。鱼油喂养组中22:6（n-3）的水平升高，同时三个磷脂组分中总（n-6）脂肪酸减少，总（n-3）脂肪酸增加。仅在这些动物中检测到20:5（n-3）。这些结果表明，橄榄油在降低心脏胆固醇含量方面与鱼油一样有效，并支持早期研究表明鱼油在预防心血管疾病中的作用。
