School of Social Work, Center on Human Trafficking Research and Outreach, University of Georgia, Athens, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Jul;25(3):2012-2027. doi: 10.1177/15248380231204885. Epub 2023 Oct 28.
Human trafficking leaves victims with long-term social, psychological, and health effects. Research in this area is still nascent, and there are limited studies that show the effectiveness of existing services for survivors. This study fills the gaps in knowledge of the effectiveness of existing programs through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Inclusion and exclusion criteria retained 15 studies using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses method, containing 16 populations. Included studies examined programs and/or interventions providing direct services to human trafficking survivors using quantitative pre- and post-intervention measurements published from January 2010 to June 2022. Outcomes among survivors were grouped into five categories: (a) mental health, (b) physical health, (c) social support or social behavior, (d) personal development, and (e) other. Roughly half ( = 31, 51.66%) of the outcomes across the 15 studies were statistically significant. Most measured constructs showed a moderate effect size (E.S.; = 31, 51.67%). In all, 21 constructs (27.91%) met high E.S. levels, and eight (13.33%) met the criteria for a low-level effect. Analyzing different intervention types, physical-based interventions represented the smallest subset and the largest mean effect size ( = 5, = 1.632, 95% CI [0.608, 2.655]) followed by standardized therapy ( = 23, = 1.111, 95% CI [0.624, 1.599]), wrap-around services ( = 14, = 0.594, 95% CI [0.241, 0.947]), and peer and support group modalities ( = 18, = 0.440, 95% CI [0.310, 0.571]). A meta-regression showed that non-U.S.-based interventions were significantly more effective than U.S.-based interventions ( = -2.25, = 0.025). While only 15 studies contributed to this analysis, the current study ushered in new avenues regarding future research, policies, and practice in services for survivors of human trafficking.
人口贩运给受害者留下了长期的社会、心理和健康影响。该领域的研究仍处于起步阶段，只有有限的研究表明现有服务对幸存者的有效性。本研究通过全面的系统评价和荟萃分析填补了现有计划有效性知识的空白。纳入和排除标准保留了 15 项使用系统评价和荟萃分析方法的优先报告项目的研究，其中包含 16 个群体。纳入的研究使用定量的干预前后测量方法，评估了为人口贩运幸存者提供直接服务的项目和/或干预措施，这些研究的发表时间为 2010 年 1 月至 2022 年 6 月。幸存者的结果分为五类：(a)心理健康，(b)身体健康，(c)社会支持或社会行为，(d)个人发展，和 (e)其他。在 15 项研究中，约有一半（ = 31，51.66%）的结果具有统计学意义。大多数测量结构显示出中等效应量（E.S.； = 31，51.67%）。总体而言，21 个结构（27.91%）达到了高 E.S.水平，8 个（13.33%）达到了低水平效应的标准。分析不同的干预类型，基于身体的干预措施代表了最小的子集和最大的平均效应量（ = 5， = 1.632，95%置信区间 [0.608，2.655]），其次是标准化治疗（ = 23， = 1.111，95%置信区间 [0.624，1.599]）、综合服务（ = 14， = 0.594，95%置信区间 [0.241，0.947]）和同伴与支持小组模式（ = 18， = 0.440，95%置信区间 [0.310，0.571]）。元回归显示，非美国的干预措施明显比美国的干预措施更有效（ = -2.25， = 0.025）。虽然只有 15 项研究为本次分析提供了数据，但本研究为未来研究、政策和幸存者服务实践开辟了新的途径。
